Answer Construction Question 16
Question 16:With reference to International Load Line Statutory Certification,
A. State the reasons for the freeboard requirements;
B. Explain the term conditions of assignments
C. List the items that may be examined during a related survey after major repairs in the drydock.
D. Using a diagram indicate the freeboard of Type A, Type B, Type B60 and Type B100 vessels giving an example of EACH type.
Answer: A. Freeboard is the distance measured from the waterline to the upper edge of the deck plating at the side of the freeboard deck amidships. A minimum freeboard is required (statutory requirement under Load Line Rules) principally to ensure that the ship is seaworthy when loaded. The minimum freeboard provides the ship with a reserve of buoyancy which enables it to rise as it passes through waves and thus remains largely dry on its decks. The reserve buoyancy also improves the vessel's stability and in the event of damage will enable it to remain afloat indefinitely or at least for a time, to effect the escape of the crew.
B. 'Conditions of Assignments" are laid down in Merchant Shipping (Load Line) Rules 1968, which must be met before freeboards are assigned to a ship and a Load Line certificate issued, which enables the load line and mark to be engraved in and painted on the side of the ship. The conditions are concerned with water tight integrity of the hull and state requirements for the strength, height of sills and coamings and closing arrangements of items such as superstructure decks, ventilators, air pipes, cargo ports, freeing ports, side scuttles, scuppers, inlets and discharges and also means provided for the protection of the crew. The ship must have sufficient structural strength, stability and ability to withstand flooding of compartments. Condition of assignments need periodic inspection and surveyed annually to ensure they are fulfilled. Items to be inspected and maintained in good order are —Hatch covers, cargo ports, watertight doors, scuttles and other closing appliances against corrosion and damage. Coamings of hatches, ventilators, air pipes etc are to be maintained against corrosion especially at weather deck level. Freeing ports or scuppers to be kept clear and valves in working order. Gangways, rails, bulwarks in good secured condition.
C. Items to be inspected and maintained in good condition are
a. Hatch covers, cargo ports, watertight doors, scuttles and other closing appliances against corrosion and damage.
b. Coamings of hatches, ventilators, air pipes etc are to be maintained against corrosion especially at weather deck level
c. Freeing ports or scuppers to be kept clear and valves in working order.
d. Gangways, rails, bulwarks in good secured condition.
D. Type 'A' — Liquid Cargoes only — Oil Tanker.
A. State the reasons for the freeboard requirements;
B. Explain the term conditions of assignments
C. List the items that may be examined during a related survey after major repairs in the drydock.
D. Using a diagram indicate the freeboard of Type A, Type B, Type B60 and Type B100 vessels giving an example of EACH type.
Answer: A. Freeboard is the distance measured from the waterline to the upper edge of the deck plating at the side of the freeboard deck amidships. A minimum freeboard is required (statutory requirement under Load Line Rules) principally to ensure that the ship is seaworthy when loaded. The minimum freeboard provides the ship with a reserve of buoyancy which enables it to rise as it passes through waves and thus remains largely dry on its decks. The reserve buoyancy also improves the vessel's stability and in the event of damage will enable it to remain afloat indefinitely or at least for a time, to effect the escape of the crew.
B. 'Conditions of Assignments" are laid down in Merchant Shipping (Load Line) Rules 1968, which must be met before freeboards are assigned to a ship and a Load Line certificate issued, which enables the load line and mark to be engraved in and painted on the side of the ship. The conditions are concerned with water tight integrity of the hull and state requirements for the strength, height of sills and coamings and closing arrangements of items such as superstructure decks, ventilators, air pipes, cargo ports, freeing ports, side scuttles, scuppers, inlets and discharges and also means provided for the protection of the crew. The ship must have sufficient structural strength, stability and ability to withstand flooding of compartments. Condition of assignments need periodic inspection and surveyed annually to ensure they are fulfilled. Items to be inspected and maintained in good order are —Hatch covers, cargo ports, watertight doors, scuttles and other closing appliances against corrosion and damage. Coamings of hatches, ventilators, air pipes etc are to be maintained against corrosion especially at weather deck level. Freeing ports or scuppers to be kept clear and valves in working order. Gangways, rails, bulwarks in good secured condition.
C. Items to be inspected and maintained in good condition are
a. Hatch covers, cargo ports, watertight doors, scuttles and other closing appliances against corrosion and damage.
b. Coamings of hatches, ventilators, air pipes etc are to be maintained against corrosion especially at weather deck level
c. Freeing ports or scuppers to be kept clear and valves in working order.
d. Gangways, rails, bulwarks in good secured condition.
D. Type 'A' — Liquid Cargoes only — Oil Tanker.
Type 'B' — Ships other than type A— General Cargo Ship.
Type B-60 — Type B ships with freeboard reduced by up to 60% of the difference between Type A and B, - OBO ship
Type B-100 — Type B ships with freeboard reduced by up to 100% of the difference between Type A and B.
Type A, B-60 and B-100 vessels are allowed reduced freeboard having been designed to withstand a stipulated damage and being fitted with steel gasketed hatch covers. Transverse penetration of such damage is not expected to be greater than 20% of the ships breadth inboard of the shipside.
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