ISPS Code
International Ship And Port Facility Security Code
Q. ISPS code?Ans:- ISPS Code
ISPS:- The International Code for the Security of Ships and Port Facilities contains mandatory provisions to which reference is made in chapter XI-2 of the International Convention
for the Safety of Life at Sea, 1974 as amended.
The objectives of this Code are:
(i) to establish an international framework involving co-operation between Contracting Governments, Government agencies, local administrations and the shipping and port industries to detect security threats and take preventive measures against security incidents affecting ships or port facilities used in international trade;
(ii) to establish the respective roles and responsibilities of the Contracting Governments, Government agencies, local administrations and the shipping and port industries, at the national and international level for ensuring maritime security;
(iii) to ensure the early and efficient collection and exchange of security-related information;
(iv) to provide a methodology for security assessments so as to have in place plans and procedures to react to changing security levels; and
(v) to ensure confidence that adequate and proportionate maritime security measures are in place.
Functional requirements:- In order to achieve its objectives, this Code embodies a number of functional requirements.
These include, but are not limited to:
(i) gathering and assessing information with respect to security threats and exchanging such information with appropriate Contracting Governments;
(ii) requiring the maintenance of communication protocols for ships and port facilities;
(iii) preventing unauthorized access to ships, port facilities and their restricted areas;
(iv) preventing the introduction of unauthorized weapons, incendiary devices orexplosives to ships or port facilities;
(v) providing means for raising the alarm in reaction to security threats or security incidents;
(vi) requiring ship and port facility security plans based upon security assessments; and
(vii) requiring training, drills and exercises to ensure familiarity with security plans and procedures.
1. GENERAL
2. DEFINITIONS
3. APPLICATION
4. RESPONSIBILITIES OF CONTRACTING GOVERNMENTS
5. DECLARATION OF SECURITY
6. OBLIGATIONS OF THE COMPANY
7. SHIP SECURITY
8. SHIP SECURITY ASSESSMENT
9. SHIP SECURITY PLAN
10. RECORDS
11. COMPANY SECURITY OFFICER
12. SHIP SECURITY OFFICER
13. TRAINING, DRILLS AND EXERCISES ON SHIP SECURITY
14. PORT FACILITY SECURITY
15. PORT FACILITY SECURITY ASSESSMENT
16. PORT FACILITY SECURITY PLAN
17. PORT FACILITY SECURITY OFFICER
18. TRAINING, DRILLS AND EXERCISES ON PORT FACILITY SECURITY
19. VERIFICATION AND CERTIFICATION FOR SHIPS
Questions & Answers
______________________
1 GENERAL
1.1 Introduction
This part of the International Code for the Security of Ships and Port Facilities contains mandatory provisions to which reference is made in chapter XI-2 of the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, 1974 as amended.
1.2 Objectives
The objectives of this Code are:
.1 to establish an international framework involving co-operation between Contracting Governments, Government agencies, local administrations and the shipping and port industries to detect security threats and take preventive measures against security incidents affecting ships or port facilities used in international trade;
.2 to establish the respective roles and responsibilities of the Contracting Governments, Government agencies, local administrations and the shipping and port industries, at the national and international level for ensuring maritime security;
.3 to ensure the early and efficient collection and exchange of security-related information;
.4 to provide a methodology for security assessments so as to have in place plans and procedures to react to changing security levels; and
.5 to ensure confidence that adequate and proportionate maritime security measures are in place.
1.3 Functional requirements
In order to achieve its objectives, this Code embodies a number of functional requirements.
These include, but are not limited to:
.1 gathering and assessing information with respect to security threats and exchanging such information with appropriate Contracting Governments;
.2 requiring the maintenance of communication protocols for ships and port facilities;
.3 preventing unauthorized access to ships, port facilities and their restricted areas;
.4 preventing the introduction of unauthorized weapons, incendiary devices or explosives to ships or port facilities;
.5 providing means for raising the alarm in reaction to security threats or security incidents;
.6 requiring ship and port facility security plans based upon security assessments; and
.7 requiring training, drills and exercises to ensure familiarity with security plans and procedures.
2 DEFINITIONS
2.1 For the purpose of this part, unless expressly provided otherwise:
.1 Convention means the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, 1974 as amended.
.2 Regulation means a regulation of the Convention.
.3 Chapter means a chapter of the Convention.
.4 Ship security plan means a plan developed to ensure the application of measures on board the ship designed to protect persons on board, cargo, cargo transport units, ship’s stores or the ship from the risks of a security incident.
.5 Port facility security plan means a plan developed to ensure the application of measures designed to protect the port facility and ships, persons, cargo, cargo transport units and ship’s stores within the port facility from the risks of a security incident.
.6 Ship security officer means the person on board the ship, accountable to the master, designated by the Company as responsible for the security of the ship, including implementation and maintenance of the ship security plan and for liaison with the company security officer and port facility security officers.
.7 Company security officer means the person designated by the Company for ensuring that a ship security assessment is carried out; that a ship security plan is developed, submitted for approval, and thereafter implemented and maintained and for liaison with port facility security officers and the ship security officer.
.8 Port facility security officer means the person designated as responsible for the development, implementation, revision and maintenance of the port facility security plan and for liaison with the ship security officers and company security officers.
.9 Security level 1 means the level for which minimum appropriate protective security measures shall be maintained at all times.
.10 Security level 2 means the level for which appropriate additional protective security measures shall be maintained for a period of time as a result of heightened risk of a security incident.
.11 Security level 3 means the level for which further specific protective security measures shall be maintained for a limited period of time when a security incident is probable or imminent, although it may not be possible to identify the specific target.
2.2 The term ship, when used in this Code, includes mobile offshore drilling units and high-speed craft as defined in regulation XI-2/1.
2.3 The term Contracting Government in connection with any reference to a port facility, when used in sections 14 to 18, includes a reference to the Designated Authority.
2.4 Terms not otherwise defined in this part shall have the same meaning as the meaning attributed to them in chapters I and XI-2.
3 APPLICATION
3.1 This Code applies to:
3.1.1 the following types of ships engaged on international voyages:
(i) passenger ships, including high-speed passenger craft;
(ii) cargo ships, including high-speed craft, of 500 gross tonnage and upwards; and
(iii) mobile offshore drilling units; and
3.1.2 port facilities serving such ships engaged on international voyages.
3.2 Notwithstanding the provisions of section 3.1.2,
Contracting Governments shall decide the extent of application of this Part of the Code to those port facilities within their territory which, although used primarily by ships not engaged on international voyages, are required, occasionally, to serve ships arriving or departing on an international voyage.
3.2.1 Contracting Governments shall base their decisions, under section 3.2, on a port facility security assessment carried out in accordance with this Part of the Code.
3.2.2 Any decision which a Contracting Government makes, under section 3.2, shall not compromise the level of security intended to be achieved by chapter XI-2 or by this Part of the Code.
3.3 This Code does not apply to:
warships, naval auxiliaries or other ships owned or operated by a Contracting Government and used only on Government non-commercial service.
3.4 Sections 5 to 13 and 19 of this part apply to Companies and ships as specified in regulation XI-2/4.
3.5 Sections 5 and 14 to 18 of this part apply to port facilities as specified in regulation XI-2/10.
3.6 Nothing in this Code shall prejudice the rights or obligations of States under international law.
4. RESPONSIBILITIES OF CONTRACTING GOVERNMENTS
4.1 Subject to the provisions of regulation XI-2/3 and XI-2/7, Contracting Governments shall set security levels and provide guidance for protection from security incidents. Higher security levels indicate greater likelihood of occurrence of a security incident. Factors to be considered in setting the appropriate security level include:
.1 the degree that the threat information is credible;
.2 the degree that the threat information is corroborated;
.3 the degree that the threat information is specific or imminent; and
.4 the potential consequences of such a security incident.
4.2 Contracting Governments, when they set security level 3, shall issue, as necessary, appropriate instructions and shall provide security related information to the ships and port facilities that may be affected.
4.3 Contracting Governments may delegate to a recognized security organization certain of their security related duties under chapter XI-2 and this Part of the Code with the exception of:
.1 setting of the applicable security level;
.2 approving a Port Facility Security Assessment and subsequent amendments to an approved assessment;
.3 determining the port facilities which will be required to designate a Port Facility Security Officer;
.4 approving a Port Facility Security Plan and subsequent amendments to an approved plan;
.5 exercising control and compliance measures pursuant to regulation XI-2/9; and
.6 establishing the requirements for a Declaration of Security.
4.4 Contracting Governments shall, to the extent they consider appropriate, test the effectiveness of the Ship or the Port Facility Security Plans, or of amendments to such plans, they have approved, or, in the case of ships, of plans which have been approved on their behalf.
5 DECLARATION OF SECURITY
5.1 Contracting Governments shall determine when a Declaration of Security is required by assessing the risk the ship/port interface or ship to ship activity poses to persons, property or the environment.
5.2 A ship can request completion of a Declaration of Security when:
.1 the ship is operating at a higher security level than the port facility or another ship it is interfacing with;
.2 there is an agreement on a Declaration of Security between Contracting Governments covering certain international voyages or specific ships on those voyages;
.3 there has been a security threat or a security incident involving the ship or involving the port facility, as applicable;
.4 the ship is at a port which is not required to have and implement an approved port facility security plan; or
.5 the ship is conducting ship to ship activities with another ship not required to have and implement an approved ship security plan.
5.3 Requests for the completion of a Declaration of Security, under this section, shall be acknowledged by the applicable port facility or ship.
5.4 The Declaration of Security shall be completed by:
.1 the master or the ship security officer on behalf of the ship(s); and, if appropriate,
.2 the port facility security officer or, if the Contracting Government determines otherwise, by any other body responsible for shore-side security, on behalf of the port facility.
5.5 The Declaration of Security shall address the security requirements that could be shared between a port facility and a ship (or between ships) and shall state the responsibility for each.
5.6 Contracting Governments shall specify, bearing in mind the provisions of regulation XI-2/9.2.3, the minimum period for which Declarations of Security shall be kept by the port facilities located within their territory.
5.7 Administrations shall specify, bearing in mind the provisions of regulation XI-2/9.2.3, the minimum period for which Declarations of Security shall be kept by ships entitled to fly their flag.
6 OBLIGATIONS OF THE COMPANY
6.1 The Company shall ensure that the ship security plan contains a clear statement emphasizing the master's authority. The Company shall establish in the ship security plan that the master has the overriding authority and responsibility to make decisions with respect to the safety and security of the ship and to request the assistance of the Company or of any Contracting Government as may be necessary.
6.2 The Company shall ensure that the company security officer, the master and the shipsecurity officer are given the necessary support to fulfil their duties and responsibilities in accordance with chapter XI-2 and this Part of the Code.
7 SHIP SECURITY
7.1 A ship is required to act upon the security levels set by Contracting Governments as set out below.
7.2 At security level 1, the following activities shall be carried out, through appropriate measures, on all ships, taking into account the guidance given in part B of this Code, in order to identify and take preventive measures against security incidents:
.1 ensuring the performance of all ship security duties;
.2 controlling access to the ship;
.3 controlling the embarkation of persons and their effects;
.4 monitoring restricted areas to ensure that only authorized persons have access;
.5 monitoring of deck areas and areas surrounding the ship;
.6 supervising the handling of cargo and ship’s stores; and
.7 ensuring that security communication is readily available.
7.3 At security level 2, the additional protective measures, specified in the ship security plan, shall be implemented for each activity detailed in section 7.2, taking into account the guidance given in part B of this Code.
7.4 At security level 3, further specific protective measures, specified in the ship security plan, shall be implemented for each activity detailed in section 7.2, taking into account the guidance given in part B of this Code.
7.5 Whenever security level 2 or 3 is set by the Administration, the ship shall acknowledge receipt of the instructions on change of the security level.
7.6 Prior to entering a port or whilst in a port within the territory of a Contracting Government that has set security level 2 or 3, the ship shall acknowledge receipt of this instruction and shall confirm to the port facility security officer the initiation of the implementation of the appropriate measures and procedures as detailed in the ship security plan, and in the case of security level 3, in instructions issued by the Contracting Government which has set security level 3. The ship shall report any difficulties in implementation. In such cases, the port facility security officer and ship security officer shall liase and co-ordinate the appropriate actions.
7.7 If a ship is required by the Administration to set, or is already at, a higher security level than that set for the port it intends to enter or in which it is already located, then the ship shall advise, without delay, the competent authority of the Contracting Government within whose territory the port facility is located and the port facility security officer of the situation.
7.7.1 In such cases, the ship security officer shall liaise with the port facility security officer and co-ordinate appropriate actions, if necessary.
7.8 An Administration requiring ships entitled to fly its flag to set security level 2 or 3 in a port of another Contracting Government shall inform that Contracting Government without delay.
7.9 When Contracting Governments set security levels and ensure the provision of security level information to ships operating in their territorial sea, or having communicated an intention to enter their territorial sea, such ships shall be advised to maintain vigilance and report immediately to their Administration and any nearby coastal States any information that comes to their attention that might affect maritime security in the area.
7.9.1 When advising such ships of the applicable security level, a Contracting Government shall, taking into account the guidance given in the part B of this Code, also advise those ships of any security measure that they should take and, if appropriate, of measures that have been taken by the Contracting Government to provide protection against the threat.
8 SHIP SECURITY ASSESSMENT
8.1 The ship security assessment is an essential and integral part of the process of developing and updating the ship security plan.
8.2 The company security officer shall ensure that the ship security assessment is carried out by persons with appropriate skills to evaluate the security of a ship, in accordance with this section, taking into account the guidance given in part B of this Code.
8.3 Subject to the provisions of section 9.2.1, a recognized security organization may carry out the ship security assessment of a specific ship.
8.4 The ship security assessment shall include an on-scene security survey and, at least, the following elements:
.1 identification of existing security measures, procedures and operations;
.2 identification and evaluation of key ship board operations that it is important to protect;
.3 identification of possible threats to the key ship board operations and the likelihood of their occurrence, in order to establish and prioritize security measures; and
.4 identification of weaknesses, including human factors in the infrastructure, policies and procedures.
8.5 The ship security assessment shall be documented, reviewed, accepted and retained by the Company.
9 SHIP SECURITY PLAN
9.1 Each ship shall carry on board a ship security plan approved by the Administration. The plan shall make provisions for the three security levels as defined in this Part of the Code.
9.1.1 Subject to the provisions of section 9.2.1, a recognized security organization may prepare the ship security plan for a specific ship.
9.2 The Administration may entrust the review and approval of ship security plans, or of amendments to a previously approved plan, to recognized security organizations.
9.2.1 In such cases the recognized security organization, undertaking the review and approval of a ship security plan, or its amendments, for a specific ship shall not have been involved in either the preparation of the ship security assessment or of the ship security plan, or of the amendments, under review.
9.3 The submission of a ship security plan, or of amendments to a previously approved plan, for approval shall be accompanied by the security assessment on the basis of which the plan, or the amendments, have been developed.
9.4 Such a plan shall be developed, taking into account the guidance given in part B of this Code and shall be written in the working language or languages of the ship. If the language or languages used is not English, French or Spanish, a translation into one of these languages shall be included. The plan shall address, at least, the following:
.1 measures designed to prevent weapons, dangerous substances and devices intended for use against persons, ships or ports and the carriage of which is not authorized from being taken on board the ship;
.2 identification of the restricted areas and measures for the prevention of unauthorized access to them;
.3 measures for the prevention of unauthorized access to the ship;
.4 procedures for responding to security threats or breaches of security, including provisions for maintaining critical operations of the ship or ship/port interface;
.5 procedures for responding to any security instructions Contracting Governments may give at security level 3;
.6 procedures for evacuation in case of security threats or breaches of security;
.7 duties of shipboard personnel assigned security responsibilities and of other shipboard personnel on security aspects;
.8 procedures for auditing the security activities;
.9 procedures for training, drills and exercises associated with the plan;
.10 procedures for interfacing with port facility security activities;
.11 procedures for the periodic review of the plan and for updating;
.12 procedures for reporting security incidents;
.13 identification of the ship security officer;
.14 identification of the company security officer including 24-hour contact details;
.15 procedures to ensure the inspection, testing, calibration, and maintenance of any security equipment provided on board;
.16 frequency for testing or calibration of any security equipment provided on board;
.17 identification of the locations where the ship security alert system activation points are provided; and
.18 procedures, instructions and guidance on the use of the ship security alert system, including the testing, activation, deactivation and resetting and to limit false alerts.
9.4.1 Personnel conducting internal audits of the security activities specified in the plan or evaluating its implementation shall be independent of the activities being audited unless this is impracticable due to the size and the nature of the Company or of the ship.
9.5 The Administration shall determine which changes to an approved ship security plan or to any security equipment specified in an approved plan shall not be implemented unless the relevant amendments to the plan are approved by the Administration. Any such changes shall be at least as effective as those measures prescribed in chapter XI-2 and this Part of the Code.
9.5.1 The nature of the changes to the ship security plan or the security equipment that have been specifically approved by the Administration, pursuant to section 9.5, shall be documented in a manner that clearly indicates such approval. This approval shall be available on board and shall be presented together with the International Ship Security Certificate (or the Interim International Ship Security Certificate). If these changes are temporary, once the original approved measures or equipment are reinstated, this documentation no longer needs to be retained by the ship.
9.6 The plan may be kept in an electronic format. In such a case, it shall be protected by procedures aimed at preventing its unauthorized deletion, destruction or amendment.
9.7 The plan shall be protected from unauthorized access or disclosure.
9.8 Ship security plans are not subject to inspection by officers duly authorized by a Contracting Government to carry out control and compliance measures in accordance with regulation XI-2/9, save in circumstances specified in section 9.8.1.
Administrations may allow, in order to avoid compromising in any way the objective of providing on board the ship security alert system, this information to be kept elsewhere on board in a document known to the master, the ship security officer and other senior shipboard personnel as may be decided by the Company.
9.8.1 If the officers duly authorized by a Contracting Government have clear grounds to believe that the ship is not in compliance with the requirements of chapter XI-2 or part A of this Code, and the only means to verify or rectify the non-compliance is to review the relevant requirements of the ship security plan, limited access to the specific sections of the plan relating to the noncompliance is exceptionally allowed, but only with the consent of the Contracting Government of, or the master of, the ship concerned. Nevertheless, the provisions in the plan relating to section 9.4 subsections .2, .4, .5, .7, .15, .17 and .18 of this Part of the Code are considered as confidential information, and cannot be subject to inspection unless otherwise agreed by the Contracting Governments concerned.
10 RECORDS
10.1 Records of the following activities addressed in the ship security plan shall be kept on board for at least the minimum period specified by the Administration, bearing in mind the provisions of regulation XI-2/9.2.3:
.1 training, drills and exercises;
.2 security threats and security incidents;
.3 breaches of security;
.4 changes in security level;
.5 communications relating to the direct security of the ship such as specific threats to the ship or to port facilities the ship is, or has been;
.6 internal audits and reviews of security activities;
.7 periodic review of the ship security assessment;
.8 periodic review of the ship security plan;
.9 implementation of any amendments to the plan; and
.10 maintenance, calibration and testing of any security equipment provided on board including testing of the ship security alert system.
10.2 The records shall be kept in the working language or languages of the ship. If the language or languages used are not English, French or Spanish, a translation into one of these languages shall be included.
10.3 The records may be kept in an electronic format. In such a case, they shall be protected by procedures aimed at preventing their unauthorized deletion, destruction or amendment.
10.4 The records shall be protected from unauthorized access or disclosure.
11 COMPANY SECURITY OFFICER
11.1 The Company shall designate a company security officer. A person designated as the company security officer may act as the company security officer for one or more ships, depending on the number or types of ships the Company operates provided it is clearly identified for which ships this person is responsible. A Company may, depending on the number or types of ships they operate designate several persons as company security officers provided it is clearly identified for which ships each person is responsible.
11.2 In addition to those specified elsewhere in this Part of the Code, the duties and responsibilities of the company security officer shall include, but are not limited to:
.1 advising the level of threats likely to be encountered by the ship, using appropriate security assessments and other relevant information;
.2 ensuring that ship security assessments are carried out;
.3 ensuring the development, the submission for approval, and thereafter the implementation and maintenance of the ship security plan;
.4 ensuring that the ship security plan is modified, as appropriate, to correct deficiencies and satisfy the security requirements of the individual ship;
.5 arranging for internal audits and reviews of security activities;
.6 arranging for the initial and subsequent verifications of the ship by the Administration or the recognized security organization;
.7 ensuring that deficiencies and non-conformities identified during internal audits, periodic reviews, security inspections and verifications of compliance are promptly addressed and dealt with;
.8 enhancing security awareness and vigilance;
.9 ensuring adequate training for personnel responsible for the security of the ship;
.10 ensuring effective communication and co-operation between the ship security officer and the relevant port facility security officers;
.11 ensuring consistency between security requirements and safety requirements;
.12 ensuring that, if sister-ship or fleet security plans are used, the plan for each ship reflects the ship-specific information accurately; and
.13 ensuring that any alternative or equivalent arrangements approved for a particular ship or group of ships are implemented and maintained.
12 SHIP SECURITY OFFICER
12.1 A ship security officer shall be designated on each ship.
12.2 In addition to those specified elsewhere in this Part of the Code, the duties and responsibilities of the ship security officer shall include, but are not limited to:
.1 undertaking regular security inspections of the ship to ensure that appropriate security measures are maintained;
.2 maintaining and supervising the implementation of the ship security plan, including any amendments to the plan;
.3 co-ordinating the security aspects of the handling of cargo and ship’s stores with other shipboard personnel and with the relevant port facility security officers;
.4 proposing modifications to the ship security plan;
.5 reporting to the company security officer any deficiencies and non-conformities identified during internal audits, periodic reviews, security inspections and verifications of compliance and implementing any corrective actions;
.6 enhancing security awareness and vigilance on board;
.7 ensuring that adequate training has been provided to shipboard personnel, as appropriate;
.8 reporting all security incidents;
.9 co-ordinating implementation of the ship security plan with the company security officer and the relevant port facility security officer; and
.10 ensuring that security equipment is properly operated, tested, calibrated and maintained, if any.
13 TRAINING, DRILLS AND EXERCISES ON SHIP SECURITY
13.1 The company security officer and appropriate shore-based personnel shall have knowledge and have received training, taking into account the guidance given in part B of this Code.
13.2 The ship security officer shall have knowledge and have received training, taking into account the guidance given in part B of this Code.
13.3 Shipboard personnel having specific security duties and responsibilities shall understand their responsibilities for ship security as described in the ship security plan and shall have sufficient knowledge and ability to perform their assigned duties, taking into account the guidance given in part B of this Code.
13.4 To ensure the effective implementation of the ship security plan, drills shall be carried out at appropriate intervals taking into account the ship type, ship personnel changes, port facilities to be visited and other relevant circumstances, taking into account the guidance given in part B of this Code.
13.5 The company security officer shall ensure the effective coordination and implementation of ship security plans by participating in exercises at appropriate intervals, taking into account the guidance given in part B of this Code.
Q1. What is Citadel?
Ans:- A citadel refers to a room where the crew of the ship can hide in case there is a pirate attack on the ship or when the pirates are aboard the ship. Sometimes ship’s engine room is used as citadel to escape the pirates. The citadel anti-piracy method is recommended to be installed in ships as per the regulations of the International Maritime Security Centre.
The citadel requires having not just food and water supplies but also effective communication channels to be able to communicate with the outside world, with a proper system of ventilation and a first aid kit. The room can also be fitted with CCTV cameras and should have the control for switching off the engines – both main and auxiliary. The citadel needs to be properly planned and constructed.
Q2. LRIT?
Ans:- Long range Identification and tracking of ship apply to all passenger ships, High speed craft, Cargo ship 300GT & above and MODU.
The ship must report their location to their flag administration at least 4 times in a day.
Most ship set their existing satellite communication system to automatic make these report.
LRIT consist:
(i) Ship borne satellite.
(ii) Communication equipment.
(iii) Communication service provider (CSP).
(iv) Application service provider (ASP).
(v) LRIT data centre.
(vi) LRIT data distribution plan.
(vii) LRIT data exchange.
Q3. VDR?
Ans:- Voyage data recorder records data from various sensors on board vessel. It stores all data in storage unit. Storage unit is designed to withstand the extreme shock, pressure and heat. If any incident happens than last 24hours of stored data from the storage unit can be recorded for any investigation.
Data to be recorded are:-
(i) Position of ship.
(ii) Date, time, speed.
(iii) VHF radio communication.
(iv) All alarm history.
(v) Water tight & Weather tight door status as indicate on bridge.
(vi) Audio from bridge including bridge wing.
Q4. Documents & Certificate?
Ans:- (i) ISSC
(ii) SSP
(iii) SSA
(iv) SSR
(v) DOC
(vi) Incident report from.
(vii) Drill record.
(viii) Audit reports.
(ix) Gangway book, Identity card.
Q6. Security levels?
Ans:- Security level 1 means the level for which minimum appropriate protective security measures shall be maintained at all times.
Security level 2 means the level for which appropriate additional protective security measures shall be maintained for a period of time as a result of heightened risk of a security incident.
Security level 3 means the level for which further specific protective security measures shall be maintained for a limited period of time when a security incident is probable or imminent, although it may not be possible to identify the specific target.
At security level 1, the following activities shall be carried out, through appropriate measures, on all ships:
(i) ensuring the performance of all ship security duties;
(ii) controlling access to the ship;
(iii) controlling the embarkation of persons and their effects;
(iv) monitoring restricted areas to ensure that only authorized persons have access;
(v) monitoring of deck areas and areas surrounding the ship;
(vi) supervising the handling of cargo and ship’s stores; and
(vi) ensuring that security communication is readily available.
At security level 2, the additional protective measures, specified in the ship security plan, shall be implemented for each activity detailed for level 1.
At security level 3, further specific protective measures, specified in the ship security plan, shall be implemented for each activity detailed for level 1.
Whenever security level 2 or 3 is set by the Administration, the ship shall acknowledge receipt of the instructions on change of the security level.
Prior to entering a port or whilst in a port within the territory of a Contracting Government that has set security level 2 or 3, the ship shall acknowledge receipt of this instruction and shall confirm to the port facility security officer the initiation of the implementation of the appropriate measures and procedures as detailed in the ship security plan, and in the case of security level 3, in instructions issued by the Contracting Government which has set security level 3. The ship shall report any difficulties in implementation. In such cases, the port facility security officer and ship security officer shall liase and co-ordinate the appropriate actions.
If a ship is required by the Administration to set, or is already at, a higher security level than that set for the port it intends to enter or in which it is already located, then the ship shall advise, without delay, the competent authority of the Contracting Government within whose territory the port facility is located and the port facility security officer of the situation.
In such cases, the ship security officer shall liaise with the port facility security officer and co-ordinate appropriate actions, if necessary.
An Administration requiring ships entitled to fly its flag to set security level 2 or 3 in a port of another Contracting Government shall inform that Contracting Government without delay.
When Contracting Governments set security levels and ensure the provision of security level information to ships operating in their territorial sea, or having communicated an intention to enter their territorial sea, such ships shall be advised to maintain vigilance and report immediately to their Administration and any nearby coastal States any information that comes to their attention that might affect maritime security in the area.
When advising such ships of the applicable security level, a Contracting Government shall, taking into account the guidance given in the part B of this Code, also advise those ships of any security measure that they should take and, if appropriate, of measures that have been taken by the Contracting Government to provide protection against the threat.
Q7. Explain CSO?
Ans:- Company security officer:- The Company shall designate a company security officer. A person designated as the company security officer may act as the company security officer for one or more ships, depending on the number or types of ships the Company operates provided it is clearly identified for which ships this person is responsible. A Company may, depending on the number or types of ships they operate designate several persons as company security officers provided it is clearly identified for which ships each person is responsible.
In addition the duties and responsibilities of the company security officer shall include, but are not limited to:
(i) advising the level of threats likely to be encountered by the ship, using appropriate security assessments and other relevant information;
(ii) ensuring that ship security assessments are carried out;
(iii) ensuring the development, the submission for approval, and thereafter the implementation and maintenance of the ship security plan;
(iv) ensuring that the ship security plan is modified, as appropriate, to correct deficiencies and satisfy the security requirements of the individual ship;
(v) arranging for internal audits and reviews of security activities;
(vi) arranging for the initial and subsequent verifications of the ship by the Administration or the recognized security organization;
(vii) ensuring that deficiencies and non-conformities identified during internal audits, periodic reviews, security inspections and verifications of compliance are promptly addressed and dealt with;
(viii) enhancing security awareness and vigilance;
(ix) ensuring adequate training for personnel responsible for the security of the ship;
(x) ensuring effective communication and co-operation between the ship security officer and the relevant port facility security officers;
(xi) ensuring consistency between security requirements and safety requirements;
(xii) ensuring that, if sister-ship or fleet security plans are used, the plan for each ship reflects the ship-specific information accurately; and
(xiii) ensuring that any alternative or equivalent arrangements approved for a particular ship or group of ships are implemented and maintained.
Q8. Explain SSO?
Ans:- Ship security officer:- A ship security officer shall be designated on each ship.
The duties and responsibilities of the ship security officer shall include, but are not limited to:
(i) undertaking regular security inspections of the ship to ensure that appropriate security measures are maintained;
(ii) maintaining and supervising the implementation of the ship security plan, including any amendments to the plan;
(iii) co-ordinating the security aspects of the handling of cargo and ship’s stores with other shipboard personnel and with the relevant port facility security officers;
(iv) proposing modifications to the ship security plan;
(v) reporting to the company security officer any deficiencies and non-conformities identified during internal audits, periodic reviews, security inspections and verifications of compliance and implementing any corrective actions;
(vi) enhancing security awareness and vigilance on board;
(vii) ensuring that adequate training has been provided to shipboard personnel, as appropriate;
(viii) reporting all security incidents;
(ix) co-ordinating implementation of the ship security plan with the company security officer and the relevant port facility security officer; and
(x) ensuring that security equipment is properly operated, tested, calibrated and maintained, if any.
1 GENERAL
1.1 Introduction
This part of the International Code for the Security of Ships and Port Facilities contains mandatory provisions to which reference is made in chapter XI-2 of the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, 1974 as amended.
1.2 Objectives
The objectives of this Code are:
.1 to establish an international framework involving co-operation between Contracting Governments, Government agencies, local administrations and the shipping and port industries to detect security threats and take preventive measures against security incidents affecting ships or port facilities used in international trade;
.2 to establish the respective roles and responsibilities of the Contracting Governments, Government agencies, local administrations and the shipping and port industries, at the national and international level for ensuring maritime security;
.3 to ensure the early and efficient collection and exchange of security-related information;
.4 to provide a methodology for security assessments so as to have in place plans and procedures to react to changing security levels; and
.5 to ensure confidence that adequate and proportionate maritime security measures are in place.
1.3 Functional requirements
In order to achieve its objectives, this Code embodies a number of functional requirements.
These include, but are not limited to:
.1 gathering and assessing information with respect to security threats and exchanging such information with appropriate Contracting Governments;
.2 requiring the maintenance of communication protocols for ships and port facilities;
.3 preventing unauthorized access to ships, port facilities and their restricted areas;
.4 preventing the introduction of unauthorized weapons, incendiary devices or explosives to ships or port facilities;
.5 providing means for raising the alarm in reaction to security threats or security incidents;
.6 requiring ship and port facility security plans based upon security assessments; and
.7 requiring training, drills and exercises to ensure familiarity with security plans and procedures.
2 DEFINITIONS
2.1 For the purpose of this part, unless expressly provided otherwise:
.1 Convention means the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, 1974 as amended.
.2 Regulation means a regulation of the Convention.
.3 Chapter means a chapter of the Convention.
.4 Ship security plan means a plan developed to ensure the application of measures on board the ship designed to protect persons on board, cargo, cargo transport units, ship’s stores or the ship from the risks of a security incident.
.5 Port facility security plan means a plan developed to ensure the application of measures designed to protect the port facility and ships, persons, cargo, cargo transport units and ship’s stores within the port facility from the risks of a security incident.
.6 Ship security officer means the person on board the ship, accountable to the master, designated by the Company as responsible for the security of the ship, including implementation and maintenance of the ship security plan and for liaison with the company security officer and port facility security officers.
.7 Company security officer means the person designated by the Company for ensuring that a ship security assessment is carried out; that a ship security plan is developed, submitted for approval, and thereafter implemented and maintained and for liaison with port facility security officers and the ship security officer.
.8 Port facility security officer means the person designated as responsible for the development, implementation, revision and maintenance of the port facility security plan and for liaison with the ship security officers and company security officers.
.9 Security level 1 means the level for which minimum appropriate protective security measures shall be maintained at all times.
.10 Security level 2 means the level for which appropriate additional protective security measures shall be maintained for a period of time as a result of heightened risk of a security incident.
.11 Security level 3 means the level for which further specific protective security measures shall be maintained for a limited period of time when a security incident is probable or imminent, although it may not be possible to identify the specific target.
2.2 The term ship, when used in this Code, includes mobile offshore drilling units and high-speed craft as defined in regulation XI-2/1.
2.3 The term Contracting Government in connection with any reference to a port facility, when used in sections 14 to 18, includes a reference to the Designated Authority.
2.4 Terms not otherwise defined in this part shall have the same meaning as the meaning attributed to them in chapters I and XI-2.
3 APPLICATION
3.1 This Code applies to:
3.1.1 the following types of ships engaged on international voyages:
(i) passenger ships, including high-speed passenger craft;
(ii) cargo ships, including high-speed craft, of 500 gross tonnage and upwards; and
(iii) mobile offshore drilling units; and
3.1.2 port facilities serving such ships engaged on international voyages.
3.2 Notwithstanding the provisions of section 3.1.2,
Contracting Governments shall decide the extent of application of this Part of the Code to those port facilities within their territory which, although used primarily by ships not engaged on international voyages, are required, occasionally, to serve ships arriving or departing on an international voyage.
3.2.1 Contracting Governments shall base their decisions, under section 3.2, on a port facility security assessment carried out in accordance with this Part of the Code.
3.2.2 Any decision which a Contracting Government makes, under section 3.2, shall not compromise the level of security intended to be achieved by chapter XI-2 or by this Part of the Code.
3.3 This Code does not apply to:
warships, naval auxiliaries or other ships owned or operated by a Contracting Government and used only on Government non-commercial service.
3.4 Sections 5 to 13 and 19 of this part apply to Companies and ships as specified in regulation XI-2/4.
3.5 Sections 5 and 14 to 18 of this part apply to port facilities as specified in regulation XI-2/10.
3.6 Nothing in this Code shall prejudice the rights or obligations of States under international law.
4. RESPONSIBILITIES OF CONTRACTING GOVERNMENTS
4.1 Subject to the provisions of regulation XI-2/3 and XI-2/7, Contracting Governments shall set security levels and provide guidance for protection from security incidents. Higher security levels indicate greater likelihood of occurrence of a security incident. Factors to be considered in setting the appropriate security level include:
.1 the degree that the threat information is credible;
.2 the degree that the threat information is corroborated;
.3 the degree that the threat information is specific or imminent; and
.4 the potential consequences of such a security incident.
4.2 Contracting Governments, when they set security level 3, shall issue, as necessary, appropriate instructions and shall provide security related information to the ships and port facilities that may be affected.
4.3 Contracting Governments may delegate to a recognized security organization certain of their security related duties under chapter XI-2 and this Part of the Code with the exception of:
.1 setting of the applicable security level;
.2 approving a Port Facility Security Assessment and subsequent amendments to an approved assessment;
.3 determining the port facilities which will be required to designate a Port Facility Security Officer;
.4 approving a Port Facility Security Plan and subsequent amendments to an approved plan;
.5 exercising control and compliance measures pursuant to regulation XI-2/9; and
.6 establishing the requirements for a Declaration of Security.
4.4 Contracting Governments shall, to the extent they consider appropriate, test the effectiveness of the Ship or the Port Facility Security Plans, or of amendments to such plans, they have approved, or, in the case of ships, of plans which have been approved on their behalf.
5 DECLARATION OF SECURITY
5.1 Contracting Governments shall determine when a Declaration of Security is required by assessing the risk the ship/port interface or ship to ship activity poses to persons, property or the environment.
5.2 A ship can request completion of a Declaration of Security when:
.1 the ship is operating at a higher security level than the port facility or another ship it is interfacing with;
.2 there is an agreement on a Declaration of Security between Contracting Governments covering certain international voyages or specific ships on those voyages;
.3 there has been a security threat or a security incident involving the ship or involving the port facility, as applicable;
.4 the ship is at a port which is not required to have and implement an approved port facility security plan; or
.5 the ship is conducting ship to ship activities with another ship not required to have and implement an approved ship security plan.
5.3 Requests for the completion of a Declaration of Security, under this section, shall be acknowledged by the applicable port facility or ship.
5.4 The Declaration of Security shall be completed by:
.1 the master or the ship security officer on behalf of the ship(s); and, if appropriate,
.2 the port facility security officer or, if the Contracting Government determines otherwise, by any other body responsible for shore-side security, on behalf of the port facility.
5.5 The Declaration of Security shall address the security requirements that could be shared between a port facility and a ship (or between ships) and shall state the responsibility for each.
5.6 Contracting Governments shall specify, bearing in mind the provisions of regulation XI-2/9.2.3, the minimum period for which Declarations of Security shall be kept by the port facilities located within their territory.
5.7 Administrations shall specify, bearing in mind the provisions of regulation XI-2/9.2.3, the minimum period for which Declarations of Security shall be kept by ships entitled to fly their flag.
6 OBLIGATIONS OF THE COMPANY
6.1 The Company shall ensure that the ship security plan contains a clear statement emphasizing the master's authority. The Company shall establish in the ship security plan that the master has the overriding authority and responsibility to make decisions with respect to the safety and security of the ship and to request the assistance of the Company or of any Contracting Government as may be necessary.
6.2 The Company shall ensure that the company security officer, the master and the shipsecurity officer are given the necessary support to fulfil their duties and responsibilities in accordance with chapter XI-2 and this Part of the Code.
7 SHIP SECURITY
7.1 A ship is required to act upon the security levels set by Contracting Governments as set out below.
7.2 At security level 1, the following activities shall be carried out, through appropriate measures, on all ships, taking into account the guidance given in part B of this Code, in order to identify and take preventive measures against security incidents:
.1 ensuring the performance of all ship security duties;
.2 controlling access to the ship;
.3 controlling the embarkation of persons and their effects;
.4 monitoring restricted areas to ensure that only authorized persons have access;
.5 monitoring of deck areas and areas surrounding the ship;
.6 supervising the handling of cargo and ship’s stores; and
.7 ensuring that security communication is readily available.
7.3 At security level 2, the additional protective measures, specified in the ship security plan, shall be implemented for each activity detailed in section 7.2, taking into account the guidance given in part B of this Code.
7.4 At security level 3, further specific protective measures, specified in the ship security plan, shall be implemented for each activity detailed in section 7.2, taking into account the guidance given in part B of this Code.
7.5 Whenever security level 2 or 3 is set by the Administration, the ship shall acknowledge receipt of the instructions on change of the security level.
7.6 Prior to entering a port or whilst in a port within the territory of a Contracting Government that has set security level 2 or 3, the ship shall acknowledge receipt of this instruction and shall confirm to the port facility security officer the initiation of the implementation of the appropriate measures and procedures as detailed in the ship security plan, and in the case of security level 3, in instructions issued by the Contracting Government which has set security level 3. The ship shall report any difficulties in implementation. In such cases, the port facility security officer and ship security officer shall liase and co-ordinate the appropriate actions.
7.7 If a ship is required by the Administration to set, or is already at, a higher security level than that set for the port it intends to enter or in which it is already located, then the ship shall advise, without delay, the competent authority of the Contracting Government within whose territory the port facility is located and the port facility security officer of the situation.
7.7.1 In such cases, the ship security officer shall liaise with the port facility security officer and co-ordinate appropriate actions, if necessary.
7.8 An Administration requiring ships entitled to fly its flag to set security level 2 or 3 in a port of another Contracting Government shall inform that Contracting Government without delay.
7.9 When Contracting Governments set security levels and ensure the provision of security level information to ships operating in their territorial sea, or having communicated an intention to enter their territorial sea, such ships shall be advised to maintain vigilance and report immediately to their Administration and any nearby coastal States any information that comes to their attention that might affect maritime security in the area.
7.9.1 When advising such ships of the applicable security level, a Contracting Government shall, taking into account the guidance given in the part B of this Code, also advise those ships of any security measure that they should take and, if appropriate, of measures that have been taken by the Contracting Government to provide protection against the threat.
8 SHIP SECURITY ASSESSMENT
8.1 The ship security assessment is an essential and integral part of the process of developing and updating the ship security plan.
8.2 The company security officer shall ensure that the ship security assessment is carried out by persons with appropriate skills to evaluate the security of a ship, in accordance with this section, taking into account the guidance given in part B of this Code.
8.3 Subject to the provisions of section 9.2.1, a recognized security organization may carry out the ship security assessment of a specific ship.
8.4 The ship security assessment shall include an on-scene security survey and, at least, the following elements:
.1 identification of existing security measures, procedures and operations;
.2 identification and evaluation of key ship board operations that it is important to protect;
.3 identification of possible threats to the key ship board operations and the likelihood of their occurrence, in order to establish and prioritize security measures; and
.4 identification of weaknesses, including human factors in the infrastructure, policies and procedures.
8.5 The ship security assessment shall be documented, reviewed, accepted and retained by the Company.
9 SHIP SECURITY PLAN
9.1 Each ship shall carry on board a ship security plan approved by the Administration. The plan shall make provisions for the three security levels as defined in this Part of the Code.
9.1.1 Subject to the provisions of section 9.2.1, a recognized security organization may prepare the ship security plan for a specific ship.
9.2 The Administration may entrust the review and approval of ship security plans, or of amendments to a previously approved plan, to recognized security organizations.
9.2.1 In such cases the recognized security organization, undertaking the review and approval of a ship security plan, or its amendments, for a specific ship shall not have been involved in either the preparation of the ship security assessment or of the ship security plan, or of the amendments, under review.
9.3 The submission of a ship security plan, or of amendments to a previously approved plan, for approval shall be accompanied by the security assessment on the basis of which the plan, or the amendments, have been developed.
9.4 Such a plan shall be developed, taking into account the guidance given in part B of this Code and shall be written in the working language or languages of the ship. If the language or languages used is not English, French or Spanish, a translation into one of these languages shall be included. The plan shall address, at least, the following:
.1 measures designed to prevent weapons, dangerous substances and devices intended for use against persons, ships or ports and the carriage of which is not authorized from being taken on board the ship;
.2 identification of the restricted areas and measures for the prevention of unauthorized access to them;
.3 measures for the prevention of unauthorized access to the ship;
.4 procedures for responding to security threats or breaches of security, including provisions for maintaining critical operations of the ship or ship/port interface;
.5 procedures for responding to any security instructions Contracting Governments may give at security level 3;
.6 procedures for evacuation in case of security threats or breaches of security;
.7 duties of shipboard personnel assigned security responsibilities and of other shipboard personnel on security aspects;
.8 procedures for auditing the security activities;
.9 procedures for training, drills and exercises associated with the plan;
.10 procedures for interfacing with port facility security activities;
.11 procedures for the periodic review of the plan and for updating;
.12 procedures for reporting security incidents;
.13 identification of the ship security officer;
.14 identification of the company security officer including 24-hour contact details;
.15 procedures to ensure the inspection, testing, calibration, and maintenance of any security equipment provided on board;
.16 frequency for testing or calibration of any security equipment provided on board;
.17 identification of the locations where the ship security alert system activation points are provided; and
.18 procedures, instructions and guidance on the use of the ship security alert system, including the testing, activation, deactivation and resetting and to limit false alerts.
9.4.1 Personnel conducting internal audits of the security activities specified in the plan or evaluating its implementation shall be independent of the activities being audited unless this is impracticable due to the size and the nature of the Company or of the ship.
9.5 The Administration shall determine which changes to an approved ship security plan or to any security equipment specified in an approved plan shall not be implemented unless the relevant amendments to the plan are approved by the Administration. Any such changes shall be at least as effective as those measures prescribed in chapter XI-2 and this Part of the Code.
9.5.1 The nature of the changes to the ship security plan or the security equipment that have been specifically approved by the Administration, pursuant to section 9.5, shall be documented in a manner that clearly indicates such approval. This approval shall be available on board and shall be presented together with the International Ship Security Certificate (or the Interim International Ship Security Certificate). If these changes are temporary, once the original approved measures or equipment are reinstated, this documentation no longer needs to be retained by the ship.
9.6 The plan may be kept in an electronic format. In such a case, it shall be protected by procedures aimed at preventing its unauthorized deletion, destruction or amendment.
9.7 The plan shall be protected from unauthorized access or disclosure.
9.8 Ship security plans are not subject to inspection by officers duly authorized by a Contracting Government to carry out control and compliance measures in accordance with regulation XI-2/9, save in circumstances specified in section 9.8.1.
Administrations may allow, in order to avoid compromising in any way the objective of providing on board the ship security alert system, this information to be kept elsewhere on board in a document known to the master, the ship security officer and other senior shipboard personnel as may be decided by the Company.
9.8.1 If the officers duly authorized by a Contracting Government have clear grounds to believe that the ship is not in compliance with the requirements of chapter XI-2 or part A of this Code, and the only means to verify or rectify the non-compliance is to review the relevant requirements of the ship security plan, limited access to the specific sections of the plan relating to the noncompliance is exceptionally allowed, but only with the consent of the Contracting Government of, or the master of, the ship concerned. Nevertheless, the provisions in the plan relating to section 9.4 subsections .2, .4, .5, .7, .15, .17 and .18 of this Part of the Code are considered as confidential information, and cannot be subject to inspection unless otherwise agreed by the Contracting Governments concerned.
10 RECORDS
10.1 Records of the following activities addressed in the ship security plan shall be kept on board for at least the minimum period specified by the Administration, bearing in mind the provisions of regulation XI-2/9.2.3:
.1 training, drills and exercises;
.2 security threats and security incidents;
.3 breaches of security;
.4 changes in security level;
.5 communications relating to the direct security of the ship such as specific threats to the ship or to port facilities the ship is, or has been;
.6 internal audits and reviews of security activities;
.7 periodic review of the ship security assessment;
.8 periodic review of the ship security plan;
.9 implementation of any amendments to the plan; and
.10 maintenance, calibration and testing of any security equipment provided on board including testing of the ship security alert system.
10.2 The records shall be kept in the working language or languages of the ship. If the language or languages used are not English, French or Spanish, a translation into one of these languages shall be included.
10.3 The records may be kept in an electronic format. In such a case, they shall be protected by procedures aimed at preventing their unauthorized deletion, destruction or amendment.
10.4 The records shall be protected from unauthorized access or disclosure.
11 COMPANY SECURITY OFFICER
11.1 The Company shall designate a company security officer. A person designated as the company security officer may act as the company security officer for one or more ships, depending on the number or types of ships the Company operates provided it is clearly identified for which ships this person is responsible. A Company may, depending on the number or types of ships they operate designate several persons as company security officers provided it is clearly identified for which ships each person is responsible.
11.2 In addition to those specified elsewhere in this Part of the Code, the duties and responsibilities of the company security officer shall include, but are not limited to:
.1 advising the level of threats likely to be encountered by the ship, using appropriate security assessments and other relevant information;
.2 ensuring that ship security assessments are carried out;
.3 ensuring the development, the submission for approval, and thereafter the implementation and maintenance of the ship security plan;
.4 ensuring that the ship security plan is modified, as appropriate, to correct deficiencies and satisfy the security requirements of the individual ship;
.5 arranging for internal audits and reviews of security activities;
.6 arranging for the initial and subsequent verifications of the ship by the Administration or the recognized security organization;
.7 ensuring that deficiencies and non-conformities identified during internal audits, periodic reviews, security inspections and verifications of compliance are promptly addressed and dealt with;
.8 enhancing security awareness and vigilance;
.9 ensuring adequate training for personnel responsible for the security of the ship;
.10 ensuring effective communication and co-operation between the ship security officer and the relevant port facility security officers;
.11 ensuring consistency between security requirements and safety requirements;
.12 ensuring that, if sister-ship or fleet security plans are used, the plan for each ship reflects the ship-specific information accurately; and
.13 ensuring that any alternative or equivalent arrangements approved for a particular ship or group of ships are implemented and maintained.
12 SHIP SECURITY OFFICER
12.1 A ship security officer shall be designated on each ship.
12.2 In addition to those specified elsewhere in this Part of the Code, the duties and responsibilities of the ship security officer shall include, but are not limited to:
.1 undertaking regular security inspections of the ship to ensure that appropriate security measures are maintained;
.2 maintaining and supervising the implementation of the ship security plan, including any amendments to the plan;
.3 co-ordinating the security aspects of the handling of cargo and ship’s stores with other shipboard personnel and with the relevant port facility security officers;
.4 proposing modifications to the ship security plan;
.5 reporting to the company security officer any deficiencies and non-conformities identified during internal audits, periodic reviews, security inspections and verifications of compliance and implementing any corrective actions;
.6 enhancing security awareness and vigilance on board;
.7 ensuring that adequate training has been provided to shipboard personnel, as appropriate;
.8 reporting all security incidents;
.9 co-ordinating implementation of the ship security plan with the company security officer and the relevant port facility security officer; and
.10 ensuring that security equipment is properly operated, tested, calibrated and maintained, if any.
13 TRAINING, DRILLS AND EXERCISES ON SHIP SECURITY
13.1 The company security officer and appropriate shore-based personnel shall have knowledge and have received training, taking into account the guidance given in part B of this Code.
13.2 The ship security officer shall have knowledge and have received training, taking into account the guidance given in part B of this Code.
13.3 Shipboard personnel having specific security duties and responsibilities shall understand their responsibilities for ship security as described in the ship security plan and shall have sufficient knowledge and ability to perform their assigned duties, taking into account the guidance given in part B of this Code.
13.4 To ensure the effective implementation of the ship security plan, drills shall be carried out at appropriate intervals taking into account the ship type, ship personnel changes, port facilities to be visited and other relevant circumstances, taking into account the guidance given in part B of this Code.
13.5 The company security officer shall ensure the effective coordination and implementation of ship security plans by participating in exercises at appropriate intervals, taking into account the guidance given in part B of this Code.
14 PORT FACILITY SECURITY
14.1 A port facility is required to act upon the security levels set by the Contracting Government within whose territory it is located. Security measures and procedures shall be applied at the port facility in such a manner as to cause a minimum of interference with, or delay to, passengers, ship, ship's personnel and visitors, goods and services.
14.2 At security level 1, the following activities shall be carried out through appropriate measures in all port facilities, taking into account the guidance given in part B of this Code, in order to identify and take preventive measures against security incidents:
.1 ensuring the performance of all port facility security duties;
.2 controlling access to the port facility;
.3 monitoring of the port facility, including anchoring and berthing area(s);
.4 monitoring restricted areas to ensure that only authorized persons have access;
.5 supervising the handling of cargo;
.6 supervising the handling of ship's stores; and
.7 ensuring that security communication is readily available.
14.3 At security level 2, the additional protective measures, specified in the port facility security plan, shall be implemented for each activity detailed in section 14.2, taking into account the guidance given in part B of this Code.
14.4 At security level 3, further specific protective measures, specified in the port facility security plan, shall be implemented for each activity detailed in section 14.2, taking into account the guidance given in part B of this Code.
14.4.1 In addition, at security level 3, port facilities are required to respond to and implement any security instructions given by the Contracting Government within whose territory the port facility is located.
14.5 When a port facility security officer is advised that a ship encounters difficulties in complying with the requirements of chapter XI-2 or this part or in implementing the appropriate measures and procedures as detailed in the ship security plan, and in the case of security level 3 following any security instructions given by the Contracting Government within whose territory the port facility is located, the port facility security officer and ship security officer shall liaise and co-ordinate appropriate actions.
14.6 When a port facility security officer is advised that a ship is at a security level, which is higher than that of the port facility, the port facility security officer shall report the matter to the competent authority and shall liaise with the ship security officer and co-ordinate appropriate actions, if necessary.
15 PORT FACILITY SECURITY ASSESSMENT
15.1 The port facility security assessment is an essential and integral part of the process of developing and updating the port facility security plan.
15.2 The port facility security assessment shall be carried out by the Contracting Government within whose territory the port facility is located. A Contracting Government may authorize a recognized security organization to carry out the port facility security assessment of a specific port facility located within its territory.
15.2.1 When the port facility security assessment has been carried out by a recognized security organization, the security assessment shall be reviewed and approved for compliance with this section by the Contracting Government within whose territory the port facility is located.
15.3 The persons carrying out the assessment shall have appropriate skills to evaluate the security of the port facility in accordance with this section, taking into account the guidance given in part B of this Code.
15.4 The port facility security assessments shall periodically be reviewed and updated, taking account of changing threats and/or minor changes in the port facility and shall always be reviewed and updated when major changes to the port facility take place.
15.5 The port facility security assessment shall include, at least, the following elements:
.1 identification and evaluation of important assets and infrastructure it is important to protect;
.2 identification of possible threats to the assets and infrastructure and the likelihood of their occurrence, in order to establish and prioritize security measures;
.3 identification, selection and prioritization of counter measures and procedural changes and their level of effectiveness in reducing vulnerability; and
.4 identification of weaknesses, including human factors in the infrastructure, policies and procedures.
15.6 The Contracting Government may allow a port facility security assessment to cover more than one port facility if the operator, location, operation, equipment, and design of these port facilities are similar. Any Contracting Government, which allows such an arrangement shall communicate to the Organization particulars thereof.
15.7 Upon completion of the port facility security assessment, a report shall be prepared, consisting of a summary of how the assessment was conducted, a description of each vulnerability found during the assessment and a description of counter measures that could be used to address each vulnerability. The report shall be protected from unauthorized access or disclosure.
16 PORT FACILITY SECURITY PLAN
16.1 A port facility security plan shall be developed and maintained, on the basis of a port facility security assessment, for each port facility, adequate for the ship/port interface. The plan shall make provisions for the three security levels, as defined in this Part of the Code.
16.1.1 Subject to the provisions of section 16.2, a recognized security organization may prepare the port facility security plan of a specific port facility.
16.2 The port facility security plan shall be approved by the Contracting Government in whose territory the port facility is located.
16.3 Such a plan shall be developed taking into account the guidance given in part B of this Code and shall be in the working language of the port facility. The plan shall address, at least, the following:
.1 measures designed to prevent weapons or any other dangerous substances and devices intended for use against persons, ships or ports and the carriage of which is not authorized, from being introduced into the port facility or on board a ship;
.2 measures designed to prevent unauthorized access to the port facility, to ships moored at the facility, and to restricted areas of the facility;
.3 procedures for responding to security threats or breaches of security, including provisions for maintaining critical operations of the port facility or ship/port interface;
.4 procedures for responding to any security instructions the Contracting Government, in whose territory the port facility is located, may give at security level 3;
.5 procedures for evacuation in case of security threats or breaches of security;
.6 duties of port facility personnel assigned security responsibilities and of other facility personnel on security aspects;
.7 procedures for interfacing with ship security activities;
.8 procedures for the periodic review of the plan and updating;
.9 procedures for reporting security incidents;
.10 identification of the port facility security officer including 24-hour contact details;
.11 measures to ensure the security of the information contained in the plan;
.12 measures designed to ensure effective security of cargo and the cargo handling equipment at the port facility;
.13 procedures for auditing the port facility security plan;
.14 procedures for responding in case the ship security alert system of a ship at the port facility has been activated; and
.15 procedures for facilitating shore leave for ship's personnel or personnel changes, as well as access of visitors to the ship including representatives of seafarers' welfare and labour organizations.
16.3.1 Personnel conducting internal audits of the security activities specified in the plan or evaluating its implementation shall be independent of the activities being audited unless this is impracticable due to the size and the nature of the port facility.
16.4 The port facility security plan may be combined with, or be part of, the port security plan or any other port emergency plan or plans.
16.5 The Contracting Government in whose territory the port facility is located shall determine which changes to the port facility security plan shall not be implemented unless the relevant amendments to the plan are approved by them.
16.6 The plan may be kept in an electronic format. In such a case, it shall be protected by procedures aimed at preventing its unauthorized deletion, destruction or amendment.
16.7 The plan shall be protected from unauthorized access or disclosure.
14.1 A port facility is required to act upon the security levels set by the Contracting Government within whose territory it is located. Security measures and procedures shall be applied at the port facility in such a manner as to cause a minimum of interference with, or delay to, passengers, ship, ship's personnel and visitors, goods and services.
14.2 At security level 1, the following activities shall be carried out through appropriate measures in all port facilities, taking into account the guidance given in part B of this Code, in order to identify and take preventive measures against security incidents:
.1 ensuring the performance of all port facility security duties;
.2 controlling access to the port facility;
.3 monitoring of the port facility, including anchoring and berthing area(s);
.4 monitoring restricted areas to ensure that only authorized persons have access;
.5 supervising the handling of cargo;
.6 supervising the handling of ship's stores; and
.7 ensuring that security communication is readily available.
14.3 At security level 2, the additional protective measures, specified in the port facility security plan, shall be implemented for each activity detailed in section 14.2, taking into account the guidance given in part B of this Code.
14.4 At security level 3, further specific protective measures, specified in the port facility security plan, shall be implemented for each activity detailed in section 14.2, taking into account the guidance given in part B of this Code.
14.4.1 In addition, at security level 3, port facilities are required to respond to and implement any security instructions given by the Contracting Government within whose territory the port facility is located.
14.5 When a port facility security officer is advised that a ship encounters difficulties in complying with the requirements of chapter XI-2 or this part or in implementing the appropriate measures and procedures as detailed in the ship security plan, and in the case of security level 3 following any security instructions given by the Contracting Government within whose territory the port facility is located, the port facility security officer and ship security officer shall liaise and co-ordinate appropriate actions.
14.6 When a port facility security officer is advised that a ship is at a security level, which is higher than that of the port facility, the port facility security officer shall report the matter to the competent authority and shall liaise with the ship security officer and co-ordinate appropriate actions, if necessary.
15 PORT FACILITY SECURITY ASSESSMENT
15.1 The port facility security assessment is an essential and integral part of the process of developing and updating the port facility security plan.
15.2 The port facility security assessment shall be carried out by the Contracting Government within whose territory the port facility is located. A Contracting Government may authorize a recognized security organization to carry out the port facility security assessment of a specific port facility located within its territory.
15.2.1 When the port facility security assessment has been carried out by a recognized security organization, the security assessment shall be reviewed and approved for compliance with this section by the Contracting Government within whose territory the port facility is located.
15.3 The persons carrying out the assessment shall have appropriate skills to evaluate the security of the port facility in accordance with this section, taking into account the guidance given in part B of this Code.
15.4 The port facility security assessments shall periodically be reviewed and updated, taking account of changing threats and/or minor changes in the port facility and shall always be reviewed and updated when major changes to the port facility take place.
15.5 The port facility security assessment shall include, at least, the following elements:
.1 identification and evaluation of important assets and infrastructure it is important to protect;
.2 identification of possible threats to the assets and infrastructure and the likelihood of their occurrence, in order to establish and prioritize security measures;
.3 identification, selection and prioritization of counter measures and procedural changes and their level of effectiveness in reducing vulnerability; and
.4 identification of weaknesses, including human factors in the infrastructure, policies and procedures.
15.6 The Contracting Government may allow a port facility security assessment to cover more than one port facility if the operator, location, operation, equipment, and design of these port facilities are similar. Any Contracting Government, which allows such an arrangement shall communicate to the Organization particulars thereof.
15.7 Upon completion of the port facility security assessment, a report shall be prepared, consisting of a summary of how the assessment was conducted, a description of each vulnerability found during the assessment and a description of counter measures that could be used to address each vulnerability. The report shall be protected from unauthorized access or disclosure.
16 PORT FACILITY SECURITY PLAN
16.1 A port facility security plan shall be developed and maintained, on the basis of a port facility security assessment, for each port facility, adequate for the ship/port interface. The plan shall make provisions for the three security levels, as defined in this Part of the Code.
16.1.1 Subject to the provisions of section 16.2, a recognized security organization may prepare the port facility security plan of a specific port facility.
16.2 The port facility security plan shall be approved by the Contracting Government in whose territory the port facility is located.
16.3 Such a plan shall be developed taking into account the guidance given in part B of this Code and shall be in the working language of the port facility. The plan shall address, at least, the following:
.1 measures designed to prevent weapons or any other dangerous substances and devices intended for use against persons, ships or ports and the carriage of which is not authorized, from being introduced into the port facility or on board a ship;
.2 measures designed to prevent unauthorized access to the port facility, to ships moored at the facility, and to restricted areas of the facility;
.3 procedures for responding to security threats or breaches of security, including provisions for maintaining critical operations of the port facility or ship/port interface;
.4 procedures for responding to any security instructions the Contracting Government, in whose territory the port facility is located, may give at security level 3;
.5 procedures for evacuation in case of security threats or breaches of security;
.6 duties of port facility personnel assigned security responsibilities and of other facility personnel on security aspects;
.7 procedures for interfacing with ship security activities;
.8 procedures for the periodic review of the plan and updating;
.9 procedures for reporting security incidents;
.10 identification of the port facility security officer including 24-hour contact details;
.11 measures to ensure the security of the information contained in the plan;
.12 measures designed to ensure effective security of cargo and the cargo handling equipment at the port facility;
.13 procedures for auditing the port facility security plan;
.14 procedures for responding in case the ship security alert system of a ship at the port facility has been activated; and
.15 procedures for facilitating shore leave for ship's personnel or personnel changes, as well as access of visitors to the ship including representatives of seafarers' welfare and labour organizations.
16.3.1 Personnel conducting internal audits of the security activities specified in the plan or evaluating its implementation shall be independent of the activities being audited unless this is impracticable due to the size and the nature of the port facility.
16.4 The port facility security plan may be combined with, or be part of, the port security plan or any other port emergency plan or plans.
16.5 The Contracting Government in whose territory the port facility is located shall determine which changes to the port facility security plan shall not be implemented unless the relevant amendments to the plan are approved by them.
16.6 The plan may be kept in an electronic format. In such a case, it shall be protected by procedures aimed at preventing its unauthorized deletion, destruction or amendment.
16.7 The plan shall be protected from unauthorized access or disclosure.
16.8 Contracting Governments may allow a port facility security plan to cover more than one port facility if the operator, location, operation, equipment, and design of these port facilities are similar. Any Contracting Government, which allows such an alternative arrangement, shall communicate to the Organization particulars thereof.
17 PORT FACILITY SECURITY OFFICER
17.1 A port facility security officer shall be designated for each port facility. A person may be designated as the port facility security officer for one or more port facilities.
17.2 In addition to those specified elsewhere in this Part of the Code, the duties and responsibilities of the port facility security officer shall include, but are not limited to:
.1 conducting an initial comprehensive security survey of the port facility taking into account the relevant port facility security assessment;
.2 ensuring the development and maintenance of the port facility security plan;
.3 implementing and exercising the port facility security plan;
.4 undertaking regular security inspections of the port facility to ensure the continuation of appropriate security measures;
.5 recommending and incorporating, as appropriate, modifications to the port facility security plan in order to correct deficiencies and to update the plan to take into account of relevant changes to the port facility;
.6 enhancing security awareness and vigilance of the port facility personnel;
.7 ensuring adequate training has been provided to personnel responsible for the security of the port facility;
.8 reporting to the relevant authorities and maintaining records of occurrences which threaten the security of the port facility;
.9 co-ordinating implementation of the port facility security plan with the appropriate Company and ship security officer(s);
.10 co-ordinating with security services, as appropriate;
.11 ensuring that standards for personnel responsible for security of the port facility are met;
.12 ensuring that security equipment is properly operated, tested, calibrated and maintained, if any; and
.13 assisting ship security officers in confirming the identity of those seeking to board the ship when requested.
17.3 The port facility security officer shall be given the necessary support to fulfil the duties and responsibilities imposed by chapter XI-2 and this Part of the Code.
18 TRAINING, DRILLS AND EXERCISES ON PORT FACILITY SECURITY
18.1 The port facility security officer and appropriate port facility security personnel shall have knowledge and have received training, taking into account the guidance given in part B of this Code.
18.2 Port facility personnel having specific security duties shall understand their duties and responsibilities for port facility security, as described in the port facility security plan and shall have sufficient knowledge and ability to perform their assigned duties, taking into account the guidance given in part B of this Code.
18.3 To ensure the effective implementation of the port facility security plan, drills shall be carried out at appropriate intervals taking into account the types of operation of the port facility, port facility personnel changes, the type of ship the port facility is serving and other relevant circumstances, taking into account guidance given in part B of this Code.
18.4 The port facility security officer shall ensure the effective coordination and implementation of the port facility security plan by participating in exercises at appropriate intervals, taking into account the guidance given in part B of this Code.
19. VERIFICATION AND CERTIFICATION FOR SHIPS
19.1 Verifications
19.1.1 Each ship to which this Part of the Code applies shall be subject to the verifications specified below:
.1 an initial verification before the ship is put in service or before the certificate required under section 19.2 is issued for the first time, which shall include a complete verification of its security system and any associated security equipment covered by the relevant provisions of chapter XI-2, this Part of the Code and the approved ship security plan. This verification shall ensure that the security system and any associated security equipment of the ship fully complies with the applicable requirements of chapter XI-2 and this Part of the Code, is in satisfactory condition and fit for the service for which the ship is intended;
.2 a renewal verification at intervals specified by the Administration, but not exceeding five years, except where section 19.3 is applicable. This verification shall ensure that the security system and any associated security equipment of the ship fully complies with the applicable requirements of chapter XI-2, this Part of the Code and the approved ship security plan, is in satisfactory condition and fit for the service for which the ship is intended;
.3 at least one intermediate verification. If only one intermediate verification is carried out it shall take place between the second and third anniversary date of the certificate as defined in regulation I/2(n). The intermediate verification shall include inspection of the security system and any associated security equipment of the ship to ensure that it remains satisfactory for the service for which the ship is intended. Such intermediate verification shall be endorsed on the certificate;
.4 any additional verifications as determined by the Administration.
19.1.2 The verifications of ships shall be carried out by officers of the Administration. The Administration may, however, entrust the verifications to a recognized security organization referred to in regulation XI-2/1.
19.1.3 In every case, the Administration concerned shall fully guarantee the completeness and efficiency of the verification and shall undertake to ensure the necessary arrangements to satisfy this obligation.
19.1.4 The security system and any associated security equipment of the ship after verification shall be maintained to conform with the provisions of regulations XI-2/4.2 and XI-2/6, this Part of the Code and the approved ship security plan. After any verification under section 19.1.1 has been completed, no changes shall be made in security system and in any associated security equipment or the approved ship security plan without the sanction of the Administration.
19.2 Issue or endorsement of certificate
19.2.1 An International Ship Security Certificate shall be issued after the initial or renewal verification in accordance with the provisions of section 19.1.
19.2.2 Such certificate shall be issued or endorsed either by the Administration or by a recognized security organization acting on behalf of the Administration.
19.2.3 Another Contracting Government may, at the request of the Administration, cause the ship to be verified and, if satisfied that the provisions of section 19.1.1 are complied with, shall issue or authorize the issue of an International Ship Security Certificate to the ship and, where appropriate, endorse or authorize the endorsement of that certificate on the ship, in accordance with this Code.
17 PORT FACILITY SECURITY OFFICER
17.1 A port facility security officer shall be designated for each port facility. A person may be designated as the port facility security officer for one or more port facilities.
17.2 In addition to those specified elsewhere in this Part of the Code, the duties and responsibilities of the port facility security officer shall include, but are not limited to:
.1 conducting an initial comprehensive security survey of the port facility taking into account the relevant port facility security assessment;
.2 ensuring the development and maintenance of the port facility security plan;
.3 implementing and exercising the port facility security plan;
.4 undertaking regular security inspections of the port facility to ensure the continuation of appropriate security measures;
.5 recommending and incorporating, as appropriate, modifications to the port facility security plan in order to correct deficiencies and to update the plan to take into account of relevant changes to the port facility;
.6 enhancing security awareness and vigilance of the port facility personnel;
.7 ensuring adequate training has been provided to personnel responsible for the security of the port facility;
.8 reporting to the relevant authorities and maintaining records of occurrences which threaten the security of the port facility;
.9 co-ordinating implementation of the port facility security plan with the appropriate Company and ship security officer(s);
.10 co-ordinating with security services, as appropriate;
.11 ensuring that standards for personnel responsible for security of the port facility are met;
.12 ensuring that security equipment is properly operated, tested, calibrated and maintained, if any; and
.13 assisting ship security officers in confirming the identity of those seeking to board the ship when requested.
17.3 The port facility security officer shall be given the necessary support to fulfil the duties and responsibilities imposed by chapter XI-2 and this Part of the Code.
18 TRAINING, DRILLS AND EXERCISES ON PORT FACILITY SECURITY
18.1 The port facility security officer and appropriate port facility security personnel shall have knowledge and have received training, taking into account the guidance given in part B of this Code.
18.2 Port facility personnel having specific security duties shall understand their duties and responsibilities for port facility security, as described in the port facility security plan and shall have sufficient knowledge and ability to perform their assigned duties, taking into account the guidance given in part B of this Code.
18.3 To ensure the effective implementation of the port facility security plan, drills shall be carried out at appropriate intervals taking into account the types of operation of the port facility, port facility personnel changes, the type of ship the port facility is serving and other relevant circumstances, taking into account guidance given in part B of this Code.
18.4 The port facility security officer shall ensure the effective coordination and implementation of the port facility security plan by participating in exercises at appropriate intervals, taking into account the guidance given in part B of this Code.
19. VERIFICATION AND CERTIFICATION FOR SHIPS
19.1 Verifications
19.1.1 Each ship to which this Part of the Code applies shall be subject to the verifications specified below:
.1 an initial verification before the ship is put in service or before the certificate required under section 19.2 is issued for the first time, which shall include a complete verification of its security system and any associated security equipment covered by the relevant provisions of chapter XI-2, this Part of the Code and the approved ship security plan. This verification shall ensure that the security system and any associated security equipment of the ship fully complies with the applicable requirements of chapter XI-2 and this Part of the Code, is in satisfactory condition and fit for the service for which the ship is intended;
.2 a renewal verification at intervals specified by the Administration, but not exceeding five years, except where section 19.3 is applicable. This verification shall ensure that the security system and any associated security equipment of the ship fully complies with the applicable requirements of chapter XI-2, this Part of the Code and the approved ship security plan, is in satisfactory condition and fit for the service for which the ship is intended;
.3 at least one intermediate verification. If only one intermediate verification is carried out it shall take place between the second and third anniversary date of the certificate as defined in regulation I/2(n). The intermediate verification shall include inspection of the security system and any associated security equipment of the ship to ensure that it remains satisfactory for the service for which the ship is intended. Such intermediate verification shall be endorsed on the certificate;
.4 any additional verifications as determined by the Administration.
19.1.2 The verifications of ships shall be carried out by officers of the Administration. The Administration may, however, entrust the verifications to a recognized security organization referred to in regulation XI-2/1.
19.1.3 In every case, the Administration concerned shall fully guarantee the completeness and efficiency of the verification and shall undertake to ensure the necessary arrangements to satisfy this obligation.
19.1.4 The security system and any associated security equipment of the ship after verification shall be maintained to conform with the provisions of regulations XI-2/4.2 and XI-2/6, this Part of the Code and the approved ship security plan. After any verification under section 19.1.1 has been completed, no changes shall be made in security system and in any associated security equipment or the approved ship security plan without the sanction of the Administration.
19.2 Issue or endorsement of certificate
19.2.1 An International Ship Security Certificate shall be issued after the initial or renewal verification in accordance with the provisions of section 19.1.
19.2.2 Such certificate shall be issued or endorsed either by the Administration or by a recognized security organization acting on behalf of the Administration.
19.2.3 Another Contracting Government may, at the request of the Administration, cause the ship to be verified and, if satisfied that the provisions of section 19.1.1 are complied with, shall issue or authorize the issue of an International Ship Security Certificate to the ship and, where appropriate, endorse or authorize the endorsement of that certificate on the ship, in accordance with this Code.
19.2.3.1 A copy of the certificate and a copy of the verification report shall be transmitted as soon as possible to the requesting Administration.
19.2.3.2 A certificate so issued shall contain a statement to the effect that it has been issued at the request of the Administration and it shall have the same force and receive the same recognition as the certificate issued under section 19.2.2.
19.2.4 The International Ship Security Certificate shall be drawn up in a form corresponding to the model given in the appendix to this Code. If the language used is not English, French or Spanish, the text shall include a translation into one of these languages.
19.3 Duration and validity of certificate
19.3.1 An International Ship Security Certificate shall be issued for a period specified by the Administration which shall not exceed five years.
19.3.2 When the renewal verification is completed within three months before the expiry date of the existing certificate, the new certificate shall be valid from the date of completion of the renewal verification to a date not exceeding five years from the date of expiry of the existing certificate.
19.3.2.1 When the renewal verification is completed after the expiry date of the existing certificate, the new certificate shall be valid from the date of completion of the renewal verification to a date not exceeding five years from the date of expiry of the existing certificate.
19.3.2.2 When the renewal verification is completed more than three months before the expiry date of the existing certificate, the new certificate shall be valid from the date of completion of the renewal verification to a date not exceeding five years from the date of completion of the renewal verification.
19.3.3 If a certificate is issued for a period of less than five years, the Administration may extend the validity of the certificate beyond the expiry date to the maximum period specified in section 19.3.1, provided that the verifications referred to in section 19.1.1 applicable when a certificate is issued for a period of five years are carried out as appropriate.
19.3.4 If a renewal verification has been completed and a new certificate cannot be issued or placed on board the ship before the expiry date of the existing certificate, the Administration or recognized security organization acting on behalf of the Administration may endorse the existing certificate and such a certificate shall be accepted as valid for a further period which shall not exceed five months from the expiry date.
19.3.5 If a ship at the time when a certificate expires is not in a port in which it is to be verified, the Administration may extend the period of validity of the certificate but this extension shall be granted only for the purpose of allowing the ship to complete its voyage to the port in which it is to be verified, and then only in cases where it appears proper and reasonable to do so. No certificate shall be extended for a period longer than three months, and the ship to which an extension is granted shall not, on its arrival in the port in which it is to be verified, be entitled by virtue of such extension to leave that port without having a new certificate. When the renewal verification is completed, the new certificate shall be valid to a date not exceeding five years from the expiry date of the existing certificate before the extension was granted.
19.3.6 A certificate issued to a ship engaged on short voyages which has not been extended under the foregoing provisions of this section may be extended by the Administration for a period of grace of up to one month from the date of expiry stated on it. When the renewal verification is completed, the new certificate shall be valid to a date not exceeding five years from the date of expiry of the existing certificate before the extension was granted.
19.3.7 If an intermediate verification is completed before the period specified in section 19.1.1, then:
.1 the expiry date shown on the certificate shall be amended by endorsement to a date which shall not be more than three years later than the date on which the intermediate verification was completed;
.2 the expiry date may remain unchanged provided one or more additional verifications are carried out so that the maximum intervals between the verifications prescribed by section 19.1.1 are not exceeded.
19.3.8 A certificate issued under section 19.2 shall cease to be valid in any of the following cases:
.1 if the relevant verifications are not completed within the periods specified under section 19.1.1;
.2 if the certificate is not endorsed in accordance with section 19.1.1.3 and 19.3.7.1, if applicable;
.3 when a Company assumes the responsibility for the operation of a ship not previously operated by that Company; and
.4 upon transfer of the ship to the flag of another State.
19.3.9 In the case of:
.1 a transfer of a ship to the flag of another Contracting Government, the Contracting Government whose flag the ship was formerly entitled to fly shall, as soon as possible, transmit to the receiving Administration copies of, or all information relating to, the International Ship Security Certificate carried by the ship before the transfer and copies of available verification reports, or
.2 a Company that assumes responsibility for the operation of a ship not previously operated by that Company, the previous Company shall as soon as possible, transmit to the receiving Company copies of any information related to the International Ship Security Certificate or to facilitate the verifications described in section 19.4.2.
19.4 Interim certification
19.4.1 The certificates specified in section 19.2 shall be issued only when the Administration issuing the certificate is fully satisfied that the ship complies with the requirements of section 19.1. However, after 1 July 2004, for the purposes of:
.1 a ship without a certificate, on delivery or prior to its entry or re-entry into service;
.2 transfer of a ship from the flag of a Contracting Government to the flag of another Contracting Government;
.3 transfer of a ship to the flag of a Contracting Government from a State which is not a Contracting Government; or
.4 when a Company assumes the responsibility for the operation of a ship not previously operated by that Company; until the certificate referred to in section 19.2 is issued, the Administration may cause an Interim International Ship Security Certificate to be issued, in a form corresponding to the model given in the Appendix to this Part of the Code.
19.4.2 An Interim International Ship Security Certificate shall only be issued when the Administration or recognized security organization, on behalf of the Administration, has verified that:
.1 the ship security assessment required by this Part of the Code has been completed,
.2 a copy of the ship security plan meeting the requirements of chapter XI-2 and part A of this Code is provided on board, has been submitted for review and approval, and is being implemented on the ship;
.3 the ship is provided with a ship security alert system meeting the requirements of regulation XI-2/6, if required,
.4 the company security officer:
(i) has ensured:
(a) the review of the ship security plan for compliance with this Part of the Code,
(b) that the plan has been submitted for approval, and
(c) that the plan is being implemented on the ship, and
(ii) has established the necessary arrangements, including arrangements for drills, exercises and internal audits, through which the company security officer is satisfied that the ship will successfully complete the required verification in accordance with section 19.1.1.1, within 6 months;
.5 arrangements have been made for carrying out the required verifications under section 19.1.1.1;
.6 the master, the ship's security officer and other ship's personnel with specific security duties are familiar with their duties and responsibilities as specified in this Part of the Code; and with the relevant provisions of the ship security plan placed on board; and have been provided such information in the working language of the ship's personnel or languages understood by them; and
.7 the ship security officer meets the requirements of this Part of the Code.
19.4.3 An Interim International Ship Security Certificate may be issued by the Administration or by a recognized security organization authorized to act on its behalf.
19.4.4 An Interim International Ship Security Certificate shall be valid for 6 months, or until the certificate required by section 19.2 is issued, whichever comes first, and may not be extended.
19.4.5 No Contracting Government shall cause a subsequent, consecutive Interim International Ship Security Certificate to be issued to a ship if, in the judgment of the Administration or the recognized security organization, one of the purposes of the ship or a Company in requesting such certificate is to avoid full compliance with chapter XI-2 and this Part of the Code beyond the period of the initial interim certificate as specified in section 19.4.4.
19.4.6 For the purposes of regulation XI-2/9, Contracting Governments may, prior to accepting an Interim International Ship Security Certificate as a valid certificate, ensure that the requirements of sections 19.4.2.4 to 19.4.2.6 have been met.
Questions and Answers:-
19.2.3.2 A certificate so issued shall contain a statement to the effect that it has been issued at the request of the Administration and it shall have the same force and receive the same recognition as the certificate issued under section 19.2.2.
19.2.4 The International Ship Security Certificate shall be drawn up in a form corresponding to the model given in the appendix to this Code. If the language used is not English, French or Spanish, the text shall include a translation into one of these languages.
19.3 Duration and validity of certificate
19.3.1 An International Ship Security Certificate shall be issued for a period specified by the Administration which shall not exceed five years.
19.3.2 When the renewal verification is completed within three months before the expiry date of the existing certificate, the new certificate shall be valid from the date of completion of the renewal verification to a date not exceeding five years from the date of expiry of the existing certificate.
19.3.2.1 When the renewal verification is completed after the expiry date of the existing certificate, the new certificate shall be valid from the date of completion of the renewal verification to a date not exceeding five years from the date of expiry of the existing certificate.
19.3.2.2 When the renewal verification is completed more than three months before the expiry date of the existing certificate, the new certificate shall be valid from the date of completion of the renewal verification to a date not exceeding five years from the date of completion of the renewal verification.
19.3.3 If a certificate is issued for a period of less than five years, the Administration may extend the validity of the certificate beyond the expiry date to the maximum period specified in section 19.3.1, provided that the verifications referred to in section 19.1.1 applicable when a certificate is issued for a period of five years are carried out as appropriate.
19.3.4 If a renewal verification has been completed and a new certificate cannot be issued or placed on board the ship before the expiry date of the existing certificate, the Administration or recognized security organization acting on behalf of the Administration may endorse the existing certificate and such a certificate shall be accepted as valid for a further period which shall not exceed five months from the expiry date.
19.3.5 If a ship at the time when a certificate expires is not in a port in which it is to be verified, the Administration may extend the period of validity of the certificate but this extension shall be granted only for the purpose of allowing the ship to complete its voyage to the port in which it is to be verified, and then only in cases where it appears proper and reasonable to do so. No certificate shall be extended for a period longer than three months, and the ship to which an extension is granted shall not, on its arrival in the port in which it is to be verified, be entitled by virtue of such extension to leave that port without having a new certificate. When the renewal verification is completed, the new certificate shall be valid to a date not exceeding five years from the expiry date of the existing certificate before the extension was granted.
19.3.6 A certificate issued to a ship engaged on short voyages which has not been extended under the foregoing provisions of this section may be extended by the Administration for a period of grace of up to one month from the date of expiry stated on it. When the renewal verification is completed, the new certificate shall be valid to a date not exceeding five years from the date of expiry of the existing certificate before the extension was granted.
19.3.7 If an intermediate verification is completed before the period specified in section 19.1.1, then:
.1 the expiry date shown on the certificate shall be amended by endorsement to a date which shall not be more than three years later than the date on which the intermediate verification was completed;
.2 the expiry date may remain unchanged provided one or more additional verifications are carried out so that the maximum intervals between the verifications prescribed by section 19.1.1 are not exceeded.
19.3.8 A certificate issued under section 19.2 shall cease to be valid in any of the following cases:
.1 if the relevant verifications are not completed within the periods specified under section 19.1.1;
.2 if the certificate is not endorsed in accordance with section 19.1.1.3 and 19.3.7.1, if applicable;
.3 when a Company assumes the responsibility for the operation of a ship not previously operated by that Company; and
.4 upon transfer of the ship to the flag of another State.
19.3.9 In the case of:
.1 a transfer of a ship to the flag of another Contracting Government, the Contracting Government whose flag the ship was formerly entitled to fly shall, as soon as possible, transmit to the receiving Administration copies of, or all information relating to, the International Ship Security Certificate carried by the ship before the transfer and copies of available verification reports, or
.2 a Company that assumes responsibility for the operation of a ship not previously operated by that Company, the previous Company shall as soon as possible, transmit to the receiving Company copies of any information related to the International Ship Security Certificate or to facilitate the verifications described in section 19.4.2.
19.4 Interim certification
19.4.1 The certificates specified in section 19.2 shall be issued only when the Administration issuing the certificate is fully satisfied that the ship complies with the requirements of section 19.1. However, after 1 July 2004, for the purposes of:
.1 a ship without a certificate, on delivery or prior to its entry or re-entry into service;
.2 transfer of a ship from the flag of a Contracting Government to the flag of another Contracting Government;
.3 transfer of a ship to the flag of a Contracting Government from a State which is not a Contracting Government; or
.4 when a Company assumes the responsibility for the operation of a ship not previously operated by that Company; until the certificate referred to in section 19.2 is issued, the Administration may cause an Interim International Ship Security Certificate to be issued, in a form corresponding to the model given in the Appendix to this Part of the Code.
19.4.2 An Interim International Ship Security Certificate shall only be issued when the Administration or recognized security organization, on behalf of the Administration, has verified that:
.1 the ship security assessment required by this Part of the Code has been completed,
.2 a copy of the ship security plan meeting the requirements of chapter XI-2 and part A of this Code is provided on board, has been submitted for review and approval, and is being implemented on the ship;
.3 the ship is provided with a ship security alert system meeting the requirements of regulation XI-2/6, if required,
.4 the company security officer:
(i) has ensured:
(a) the review of the ship security plan for compliance with this Part of the Code,
(b) that the plan has been submitted for approval, and
(c) that the plan is being implemented on the ship, and
(ii) has established the necessary arrangements, including arrangements for drills, exercises and internal audits, through which the company security officer is satisfied that the ship will successfully complete the required verification in accordance with section 19.1.1.1, within 6 months;
.5 arrangements have been made for carrying out the required verifications under section 19.1.1.1;
.6 the master, the ship's security officer and other ship's personnel with specific security duties are familiar with their duties and responsibilities as specified in this Part of the Code; and with the relevant provisions of the ship security plan placed on board; and have been provided such information in the working language of the ship's personnel or languages understood by them; and
.7 the ship security officer meets the requirements of this Part of the Code.
19.4.3 An Interim International Ship Security Certificate may be issued by the Administration or by a recognized security organization authorized to act on its behalf.
19.4.4 An Interim International Ship Security Certificate shall be valid for 6 months, or until the certificate required by section 19.2 is issued, whichever comes first, and may not be extended.
19.4.5 No Contracting Government shall cause a subsequent, consecutive Interim International Ship Security Certificate to be issued to a ship if, in the judgment of the Administration or the recognized security organization, one of the purposes of the ship or a Company in requesting such certificate is to avoid full compliance with chapter XI-2 and this Part of the Code beyond the period of the initial interim certificate as specified in section 19.4.4.
19.4.6 For the purposes of regulation XI-2/9, Contracting Governments may, prior to accepting an Interim International Ship Security Certificate as a valid certificate, ensure that the requirements of sections 19.4.2.4 to 19.4.2.6 have been met.
Questions and Answers:-
Q1. What is Citadel?
Ans:- A citadel refers to a room where the crew of the ship can hide in case there is a pirate attack on the ship or when the pirates are aboard the ship. Sometimes ship’s engine room is used as citadel to escape the pirates. The citadel anti-piracy method is recommended to be installed in ships as per the regulations of the International Maritime Security Centre.
The citadel requires having not just food and water supplies but also effective communication channels to be able to communicate with the outside world, with a proper system of ventilation and a first aid kit. The room can also be fitted with CCTV cameras and should have the control for switching off the engines – both main and auxiliary. The citadel needs to be properly planned and constructed.
Q2. LRIT?
Ans:- Long range Identification and tracking of ship apply to all passenger ships, High speed craft, Cargo ship 300GT & above and MODU.
The ship must report their location to their flag administration at least 4 times in a day.
Most ship set their existing satellite communication system to automatic make these report.
LRIT consist:
(i) Ship borne satellite.
(ii) Communication equipment.
(iii) Communication service provider (CSP).
(iv) Application service provider (ASP).
(v) LRIT data centre.
(vi) LRIT data distribution plan.
(vii) LRIT data exchange.
Q3. VDR?
Ans:- Voyage data recorder records data from various sensors on board vessel. It stores all data in storage unit. Storage unit is designed to withstand the extreme shock, pressure and heat. If any incident happens than last 24hours of stored data from the storage unit can be recorded for any investigation.
Data to be recorded are:-
(i) Position of ship.
(ii) Date, time, speed.
(iii) VHF radio communication.
(iv) All alarm history.
(v) Water tight & Weather tight door status as indicate on bridge.
(vi) Audio from bridge including bridge wing.
Q4. Documents & Certificate?
Ans:- (i) ISSC
(ii) SSP
(iii) SSA
(iv) SSR
(v) DOC
(vi) Incident report from.
(vii) Drill record.
(viii) Audit reports.
(ix) Gangway book, Identity card.
Q5. Explain Port facility security.
Ans:- PORT FACILITY SECURITY
14.1 A port facility is required to act upon the security levels set by the Contracting Government within whose territory it is located. Security measures and procedures shall be applied at the port facility in such a manner as to cause a minimum of interference with, or delay to, passengers, ship, ship’s personnel and visitors, goods and services.
14.1 A port facility is required to act upon the security levels set by the Contracting Government within whose territory it is located. Security measures and procedures shall be applied at the port facility in such a manner as to cause a minimum of interference with, or delay to, passengers, ship, ship’s personnel and visitors, goods and services.
14.2 At security level 1, the following activities shall be carried out through appropriate measures in all port facilities, taking into account the guidance given in part B of this Code, in order to identify and take preventive measures against security incidents:
.1 ensuring the performance of all port facility security duties;
.2 controlling access to the port facility;
.3 monitoring of the port facility, including anchoring and berthing area(s);
.4 monitoring restricted areas to ensure that only authorized persons have access;
.5 supervising the handling of cargo;
.6 supervising the handling of ship’s stores; and
.7 ensuring that security communication is readily available.
.5 supervising the handling of cargo;
.6 supervising the handling of ship’s stores; and
.7 ensuring that security communication is readily available.
14.3 At security level 2, the additional protective measures, specified in the port facility security plan, shall be implemented for each activity detailed in section 14.2, taking into account the guidance given in part B of this Code.
14.4 At security level 3, further specific protective measures, specified in the port facility security plan, shall be implemented for each activity detailed in section 14.2, taking into account the guidance given in part B of this Code.
14.4.1 In addition, at security level 3, port facilities are required to respond to and implement any security instructions given by the Contracting Government within whose territory the port facility is located.
14.4.1 In addition, at security level 3, port facilities are required to respond to and implement any security instructions given by the Contracting Government within whose territory the port facility is located.
Ans:- Security level 1 means the level for which minimum appropriate protective security measures shall be maintained at all times.
Security level 2 means the level for which appropriate additional protective security measures shall be maintained for a period of time as a result of heightened risk of a security incident.
Security level 3 means the level for which further specific protective security measures shall be maintained for a limited period of time when a security incident is probable or imminent, although it may not be possible to identify the specific target.
At security level 1, the following activities shall be carried out, through appropriate measures, on all ships:
(i) ensuring the performance of all ship security duties;
(ii) controlling access to the ship;
(iii) controlling the embarkation of persons and their effects;
(iv) monitoring restricted areas to ensure that only authorized persons have access;
(v) monitoring of deck areas and areas surrounding the ship;
(vi) supervising the handling of cargo and ship’s stores; and
(vi) ensuring that security communication is readily available.
At security level 2, the additional protective measures, specified in the ship security plan, shall be implemented for each activity detailed for level 1.
At security level 3, further specific protective measures, specified in the ship security plan, shall be implemented for each activity detailed for level 1.
Whenever security level 2 or 3 is set by the Administration, the ship shall acknowledge receipt of the instructions on change of the security level.
Prior to entering a port or whilst in a port within the territory of a Contracting Government that has set security level 2 or 3, the ship shall acknowledge receipt of this instruction and shall confirm to the port facility security officer the initiation of the implementation of the appropriate measures and procedures as detailed in the ship security plan, and in the case of security level 3, in instructions issued by the Contracting Government which has set security level 3. The ship shall report any difficulties in implementation. In such cases, the port facility security officer and ship security officer shall liase and co-ordinate the appropriate actions.
If a ship is required by the Administration to set, or is already at, a higher security level than that set for the port it intends to enter or in which it is already located, then the ship shall advise, without delay, the competent authority of the Contracting Government within whose territory the port facility is located and the port facility security officer of the situation.
In such cases, the ship security officer shall liaise with the port facility security officer and co-ordinate appropriate actions, if necessary.
An Administration requiring ships entitled to fly its flag to set security level 2 or 3 in a port of another Contracting Government shall inform that Contracting Government without delay.
When Contracting Governments set security levels and ensure the provision of security level information to ships operating in their territorial sea, or having communicated an intention to enter their territorial sea, such ships shall be advised to maintain vigilance and report immediately to their Administration and any nearby coastal States any information that comes to their attention that might affect maritime security in the area.
When advising such ships of the applicable security level, a Contracting Government shall, taking into account the guidance given in the part B of this Code, also advise those ships of any security measure that they should take and, if appropriate, of measures that have been taken by the Contracting Government to provide protection against the threat.
Q7. Explain CSO?
Ans:- Company security officer:- The Company shall designate a company security officer. A person designated as the company security officer may act as the company security officer for one or more ships, depending on the number or types of ships the Company operates provided it is clearly identified for which ships this person is responsible. A Company may, depending on the number or types of ships they operate designate several persons as company security officers provided it is clearly identified for which ships each person is responsible.
In addition the duties and responsibilities of the company security officer shall include, but are not limited to:
(i) advising the level of threats likely to be encountered by the ship, using appropriate security assessments and other relevant information;
(ii) ensuring that ship security assessments are carried out;
(iii) ensuring the development, the submission for approval, and thereafter the implementation and maintenance of the ship security plan;
(iv) ensuring that the ship security plan is modified, as appropriate, to correct deficiencies and satisfy the security requirements of the individual ship;
(v) arranging for internal audits and reviews of security activities;
(vi) arranging for the initial and subsequent verifications of the ship by the Administration or the recognized security organization;
(vii) ensuring that deficiencies and non-conformities identified during internal audits, periodic reviews, security inspections and verifications of compliance are promptly addressed and dealt with;
(viii) enhancing security awareness and vigilance;
(ix) ensuring adequate training for personnel responsible for the security of the ship;
(x) ensuring effective communication and co-operation between the ship security officer and the relevant port facility security officers;
(xi) ensuring consistency between security requirements and safety requirements;
(xii) ensuring that, if sister-ship or fleet security plans are used, the plan for each ship reflects the ship-specific information accurately; and
(xiii) ensuring that any alternative or equivalent arrangements approved for a particular ship or group of ships are implemented and maintained.
Q8. Explain SSO?
Ans:- Ship security officer:- A ship security officer shall be designated on each ship.
The duties and responsibilities of the ship security officer shall include, but are not limited to:
(i) undertaking regular security inspections of the ship to ensure that appropriate security measures are maintained;
(ii) maintaining and supervising the implementation of the ship security plan, including any amendments to the plan;
(iii) co-ordinating the security aspects of the handling of cargo and ship’s stores with other shipboard personnel and with the relevant port facility security officers;
(iv) proposing modifications to the ship security plan;
(v) reporting to the company security officer any deficiencies and non-conformities identified during internal audits, periodic reviews, security inspections and verifications of compliance and implementing any corrective actions;
(vi) enhancing security awareness and vigilance on board;
(vii) ensuring that adequate training has been provided to shipboard personnel, as appropriate;
(viii) reporting all security incidents;
(ix) co-ordinating implementation of the ship security plan with the company security officer and the relevant port facility security officer; and
(x) ensuring that security equipment is properly operated, tested, calibrated and maintained, if any.
Q9. Explain background of ISPS Code?
Ans:- The world changed on September 11th 2001.
We all realized how vulnerable we are to attacks from terrorists. A ship can be used by terrorists, either to transport weapons or as a weapon itself. We have to do everything possible to prevent this from happening again.
In 1986 the terrorist attack on the "Achille Lauro" had a profound effect on the Maritime Industry. As a result of that attack advice on anti-piracy and hijack was issued by the IMO. The advice was implemented by some parts of the Maritime Industry, mainly on cruise ships, but was largely ignored by the rest of the industry. In response to the events of September 11th 2001, IMO and the US Coast Guard have developed that advice and introduced a methodology for implementing the measures by making contracting Governments and Companies responsible for the implementation.
This work has resulted in an amendment to SOLAS, chapter eleven, called the "International Ship and Port Facility Security Code". The code is commonly known as the ISPS code. The code have one Mandatory section called part A and one section with guidelines called part B.
These requirements will be mandatory in July 2004 for all ships of 500 gross tonnage and upwards engaged on international voyages, including high-speed crafts and Mobile Offshore Drilling Units.
It will require the vessels to have an approved Ship Security Plan. In the United States, parallel legislation is enacted through the US Maritime Security Bill.
Q10. Explain Automatic Identification System (AIS).
Ans:- Automatic Identification System, or AIS for short is a device that transmits information about your ship and receives the same from other ships.
An example of information transmitted would be: Call sign, ship's name, the ship's speed, its Course and destination. Coast stations can also receive this information.
The AIS is an important tool for coastal states to monitor ship traffic and to detect possible threats. The SOLAS convention already states that an AIS must be fitted on ships over a period of time, ranging from 2002 to 2008 depending on ship type and tonnage. The new International Ship and Port Facility Security Code shortens this period (and an AIS will now be required on all ships by 31st December 2004).
Q11. Explain Ship Security Alert System.
Ans:- In the event of a terrorist attack, ship's personnel must be able to alert the authorities ashore without letting the terrorists know that an alarm has been raised. This will be possible through a Ship Security Alert System.
The Ship Security Alert System must:
(i) be capable of being activated from the bridge and from one more location.
(ii) not be sent to other ships in the vicinity.
(iii) be sent to a competent authority ashore.
(iv) not give an indication onboard that the alarm has been raised.
(v) continue to transmit the ship security alert until it has been deactivated.
Additional Requirements
In addition to the aforementioned requirements, SOLAS also requires the following:
(i) Ship Identification Numbers
Regulation XI-1/3 is modified to require ships' identification numbers to be permanently marked in a visible place either on the ship's hull or superstructure. Passenger ships should carry the marking on a horizontal surface visible from the air. Ships should also be marked with their 1D numbers internally.
(ii) Continuous Synopsis Record (CSR)
Regulation XI-1/5 requires ships to be issued with a Continuous Synopsis Record, which is Intended to provide an on-board record of the history of the ship. This record is commonly known as CSR. The CSR shall be, issued by the administration and shall contain information such as:
(a) The name of the ship
(b) The state whose flag the ship is entitled to fly
(c) The date on which the ship was registered with that state
(d) The ship's identification number
(e) The port at which the ship is registered
(f) The name of the registered owner(s)
(e) The registered address of the owner(s)
Any changes shall be recorded in the CSR in order to provide updated and current information together with the history of the changes.
Q12. Explain Ship Security Assessment
Ans:- To ensure that the Ship Security Plan always is up to date and correct, a Ship Security Assessment must be carried out at regular intervals. This assessment is initiated by the Company Security Officer and must include the following items:
(i) Identify existing security measures, procedures and operations;
(ii) Identify and evaluate key shipboard operations that are important to protect;
(iii) Identify possible threats to key shipboard operations and assess the likelihood of their Occurrence;
(iv) Priorities the possible threats and establish appropriate security measures;
(v) Identify weaknesses, including human factors in the infrastructure, policies and procedures.
Q13. Explain International Ship Security Certificates.
Ans:- All Ships covered by the ISPS code must have an "International Ship Security Certificate". The Flag state authority issues this certificate after verifying compliance and approval of the Ship Security Plan. This procedure can be delegated to a "Recognised Security Organisation" such as a classification society. Recognised Security Organisation is commonly abbreviated as RSO.
This certificate will be checked during port-state controls. The Flag State authority will periodically audit the ship's security arrangements, in order to determine the vessel's continuing qualification for renewal of the "International Ship Security certificate".
Q14. What is Ship Security Plan?
Ans:- A Ship Security Plan is a document stating detailed procedures for prevention and response to security threats. It must include different procedures for different Security Levels.
According to SOLAS and the US Maritime Security Bill, a Ship Security Plan must be available on all ships 500 gross tonnage and upwards engaged on international voyages, including high-speed crafts and Mobile Offshore Drilling Units after 1st July 2004.
Q15. Explain Restricted Areas
Ans:- A restricted Area means a space that is essential to the operation, control or safety of the ship.
Typical restricted areas are:
(i) The bridge, Accommodation area.
(ii) The cargo control room, Fire control room
(iii) The engine control room, Ventilation & A.C equipment room.
(iv) Engine room, Steering room, Emergency Generator area, Bow thruster.
(v) Spaces with access to potable water tanks, pumps, or manifolds.
The number and nature of the restricted areas depends on the current Security level.
Q16. Explain Prohibited Weapons
Ans:- It is up to the management company of the ship to set the policies for what type of weapons are allowed onboard the ship. This must be clearly stated in the Ship Security Plan. Any weapon that is not listed in the Ship Security Plan is not allowed onboard at any time. You must notify the Ship Security Officer immediately if you suspect there is a prohibited weapon onboard.
Q17. Explain Procedures and response to possible threats
Ans:- The Ship Security Plan must include procedures and responses to possible threats. These procedures might include the following actions:
(i) securing all access to the ship to prevent intrusion;
(ii) performing emergency shutdown of main engines to prevent unauthorized operation;
(iii) securing non-critical operations to focus attention on response;
(iv) alerting ship and shore-side authorities of an incident;
(v) rendering assistance to a nearby ship undergoing an unlawful act that threatens its security;
(vi) responding to the detection of stowaways or intruders;
(vii) repelling boarders;
(viii) addressing a malfunction of on board security equipment;
(ix) screening the underwater hull or search the ship in response to bomb threats;
(x) specifying the kind of communications to use in the event of a breach of security, an unlawful act, or other emergency
(xi) coordinating with waterfront facility response procedures.
Q18. Explain Declaration of Security.
Ans:- The Declaration of Security is a checklist, to be checked by the Ship Security Officer in co-operation with the local Port Facility Security Officer. The Declaration of Security indicates whether a Ship and a Port Facility are operating at the same Security Level and requires procedures for dealing with any inconsistency. For ships that frequently call upon the same port, a Declaration of Security for each call is not required if the ship and port have an agreement that all security measurements are taken before arrival.
Q19. Key Shipboard Operations
Ans:- Certain operations on the ship are more vulnerable to hostile attacks than others. These operations are called Key Shipboard. Operations and include:
(i) cargo and ship stores operations;
(ii) navigation, machinery operation and steering control;
(iii) crew and passenger safety.
Q20. Explain Possible threats
There can be many different threats to the security of a ship and the Ship Security Plan must include responses for all possible threats. Some examples of possible threats are:
(i) damage to, or destruction of, the ship or of a port facility, for example by explosive devices, arson, sabotage or vandalism;
(ii) hijacking or seizure of the ship or of persons on board;
(iii) tampering with cargo, essential ship equipment or systems or ship's stores;
(iv) unauthorized access or use, including presence of stowaways;
(v) smuggling weapons or equipment, Including weapons of mass destruction;
(vi) use of the ship to carry those intending to cause a security Incident and/or their equipment;
(vii) use of the ship itself as a weapon or as a means to cause damage destruction;
(viii) attacks from seaward whilst at berth or at anchor; and
(ix) attacks whilst at sea.
Q21. Explain Company Security Officer
Ans:- A Company Security Officer is the designated person located ashore in the shipping company office, with responsibility for developing, maintaining and enforcing the security plan. He or she will also:
(i) advise on what threats may be encountered by the ship, using appropriate security assessments and other relevant information;
(ii) ensure that ship security assessments and annual reassessments are carried out;
(iii) ensure the development and maintenance of the Ship Security Plan;
(iv) modify the Ship Security Plan to correct deficiencies to satisfy the security requirements of the individual Ship;
(v) customize the Ship Security Plan to account for the security requirements of the Individual vessels;
(vi) strengthen security awareness and vigilance;
(vii) ensure adequate training for personnel responsible for the security of the ship;
(viii) coordinate implementation of the Ship security plan with the ship security officer and the relevant designated representative on behalf of the waterfront facility;
(ix) Coordinate and ensure the consistency between security requirements and safety requirements;
(x) ensure that, if sister-ship or fleet security plans are used, the plan for each ship reflects the ship-specific information accurately;
(xi) ensure that any alternative or equivalent arrangements approved for a particular ship or group of ships are Implemented and maintained.
Q22. Explain Ship Security Officer
Ans:- A Ship Security Officer is the designated officer onboard, with responsibility for the security of the ship, Including implementation and maintenance of the Ship Security Plan, His or her duties include:
(i) regular security inspections of the ship;
(ii) implementing, maintaining, and supervising the Ship Security Plan;
(iii) proposing modifications to the Ship Security Plan;
(iv) enhancing security awareness and vigilance on board;
(v) ensuring that adequate training has been provided to ship's personnel;
(vi) coordinating implementation of the Ship Security Plan with the Company Security Officer and the relevant designated representative on behalf of the waterfront facility;
(vii) ensuring that security equipment onboard the ship, or associated with the security of the ship, is properly operated, tested, calibrated and maintained;
(viii) reviewing and completing a Declaration of Security checklist.
The legislation does not actually specify which individual must be designated as Ship Security Officer. It is left to each company to establish their own policy; by which appropriately trained Officers are assigned to the position.
Q23. Explain Port Facility Security Officer
Ans;- A Port Facility Security Officer is the designated person appointed ashore as responsible for the development, implementation, revision and maintenance of the Port Facility Security Plan and for liaison with the Ship Security Officers, Company Security Officers and Local Authorities.
In other words, he or she is the facility equivalent of the Ship Security Officer.
Q24. Explain Security Duties for Shipboard Personnel
Ans:- Ship's personnel already have designated positions and duties in the event of shipboard emergencies, such as fire, abandon ship or pollution. The Ship Security Plan provides for equivalent security duties as well.
Examples of these duties are:
(i) Inspection, control and monitoring of restricted areas;
(ii) Inspection, control and monitoring of Key Shipboard Operations;
(iii) Inspection, control and monitoring of visitors onboard;
(iv) Detection and identification of weapons, and other dangerous substances and devices onboard;
(v) Operation of security equipment;
(vi) Physical search methods of persons, baggage, cargo, and ship's stores;
When signing on, you will be informed about your Security Duties.
Q25. Explain Training & Drills
Ans:- To be able to effectively perform your security duties, training and drills are essential. At least once every 3 months or where more than 25% of the ships personnel has been changed at any one time, with personnel that has not previously participated in any drill on that ship, within the last 3 months, a drill should be conducted within one week of the change.
The Ship Security Officer, in compliance with the policies set by the Company Security Officer, is responsible for implementing a training schedule onboard that will provide adequate and proper security training for shipboard personnel.
Q26. Explain Security Equipment
Ans:- Security equipment varies in design from ship to ship. It is important that you receive proper training on how to operate the specific security equipment on your ship. Such equipment might include:
(i) Padlocks for securing restricted areas
(ii) Passes for visitors onboard
(iii) Closed Circuit Television for monitoring restricted areas
(iv) X-ray machines for inspection of luggage and stores
Q27. Contingency plans
Ans:-(i) Bomb threat on ship
On receipt of a bomb threat against the vessel, the applicable procedures in the Ship Security Plan must be followed. These must include:
(a) Assigning personnel to search designated areas of the ship;
(b) Outlining what to do if a suspicious package is found.
Since terrorists can disguise a bomb in many different ways, it is almost Impossible to know what to look for. Therefore you should not be looking for a "bomb", but rather anything irregular or suspicious, anything that does not fit in. When searching for a bomb, follow the rule EYES NOT HANDS, as touching a bomb may cause it to detonate.
The response on locating a bomb, or suspicious object, will depend on the equipment on board your ship. Some vessels have the likes of blast suppression blankets, but most will have to seek specialist advice from a competent shore authority. Further details can be found in the Ship Security Plan.
(ii) Bomb threat in port
If a ship is in port and a bomb warning is received, the Master, the Ship Security Officer and the Port Security Officials will liaise, arrive at a collective decision and initiate appropriate action. Options may include evacuation of the ship or removal of the vessel to an anchorage. Each case will be evaluated on the prevailing circumstances and the nature of the threat.
Evacuation of ship
If it is required to evacuate the ship as a result of a bomb threat or similar terrorist act, this should be done in accordance with the procedure outlined in the Ship Security Plan. This includes information on where to muster after the evacuation, which way to leave the vessel and what to take with you.
Response to suspicious Activity
If your ship is approached by a small vessel which does not identify itself, it could be carrying terrorists or pirates. It is preferable to stop them getting onboard if at all possible and high pressure fire hoses directed from the deck can be an effective deterrent. A ship with a high freeboard may be able to prevent boarding simply by speed or sharp maneuver.
Action to take when entering hostile water
If your vessel is about to enter an area known for terrorist or pirate activity, there are a number of basic precautions that can be taken. These are outlined in your Ship Security Plan and may include:
(i) If possible, only transit this area during daylight;
(ii) If transiting during hours of darkness, keep all deck lights and flood lights switched on consistent with safe navigation;
(iii) Transit with maximum safe speed;
(iv) Post extra lookout on the bridge and increase radar surveillance;
(v) Post additional personnel, both as extra lookouts in other areas and to make rounds.
(vi) Have fire hoses pressurised ready around the ship's side.
Actions to take if ship is boarded by pirates
If pirates or terrorists board your ship at sea, follow the applicable procedures as outlined in the Ship Security Plan. These may include:
(i) Raise the general alarm;
(ii) Activate the Ship Security Alert System;
(iii) Do NOT confront the boarders; wait for outside help
Q27. Explain Security Measures in different situations.
Ans:- A. Controlling access to Ship
The regular gangway is not the only access to the ship. Other ways to get onboard can include ladders, side ports or climbing up the mooring ropes. To prevent unauthorised persons boarding, these access points have to be guarded. How they should be guarded depends on the different SECURITY levels. Here follows some examples of security measures to take at different security levels.
SECURITY Level 1: All access points have to be monitored continuously. Everyone seeking access to the vessel must present an ID and be logged in.
SECURITY Level 2: Limit the number of access points: Everyone seeking access to the vessel must present an ID and be logged in.
SECURITY Level 3: Limit to only one access point Everyone seeking access to the vessel must present an ID and be logged in. Coordinate with the waterfront facility to extend access control beyond the immediate area of the ship. Monitoring of deck areas and areas surrounding the Ship
B. Monitoring of deck areas and areas surrounding the ship:-
CCTV, intruder alarms and security patrols are all effective measures in monitoring areas both on board and surrounding the ship, thereby preventing security incidents. The SECURITY level in force will dictate the degree of monitoring required.
Here follows some examples of security measures to take at different security levels.
SECURITY Level 1. A security lookout and/or patrol to be posted.
SECURITY Level 2. Security lookout and/or patrols to be increased, with particular emphasis on restricted areas.
SECURITY Level 3. Perform waterside boat patrols. Use divers to inspect the underwater pier structures prior to the ship's arrival, upon the ship's arrival and in other necessary situations.
C. Monitoring of Restricted Areas
The restricted areas onboard your ship are indicated in your Ship Security Plan. These might include the Bridge, the Engine Control Room and the Cargo Control Room.
Here follows some examples of security measures to take at different security levels.
SECURITY Level 1. The Restricted Areas shall be locked or secured and personnel shall be patrolling the areas.
SECURITY Level 2. The Restricted Areas shall be locked or secured and frequency of personnel patrolling the areas to be Increased.
SECURITY Level 3. The Restricted Areas shall be locked or secured and personnel be posted at the areas continuously.
D. Monitoring of Embarkation of persons and their effects
Prohibited weapons most commonly find their way onto a ship by being carried on board by embarking personnel. Here follows some examples of security measures to take at different security levels.
SECURITY Level 1: Verify the reason for personnel seeking access to the vessel by checking tickets, boarding passes, work orders or ID cards. Positively identify crewmembers, passengers, vendors, dock-workers and authorized visitors prior to each embarkation. New crewmembers should be cross-referenced with company on-signers information. Body searches and the inspection of baggage for prohibited weapons, incendiaries and explosives should be carried out on a random basis.
SECURITY Level 2: Same as SECURITY Level 1, but with an increased inspection frequency on embarking persons.
SECURITY Level 3; Same as SECURITY Level 2, but all embarking persons must be inspected and all persons except crewmembers must be escorted when onboard.
E. Supervising the handling of cargo and stores
Here follows some examples of security measures to take at different security levels for tanker vessel.
Security Level 1: Confirm cargo surveyors, etc. have positive identification to show who they actually are.
Ans:- The world changed on September 11th 2001.
We all realized how vulnerable we are to attacks from terrorists. A ship can be used by terrorists, either to transport weapons or as a weapon itself. We have to do everything possible to prevent this from happening again.
In 1986 the terrorist attack on the "Achille Lauro" had a profound effect on the Maritime Industry. As a result of that attack advice on anti-piracy and hijack was issued by the IMO. The advice was implemented by some parts of the Maritime Industry, mainly on cruise ships, but was largely ignored by the rest of the industry. In response to the events of September 11th 2001, IMO and the US Coast Guard have developed that advice and introduced a methodology for implementing the measures by making contracting Governments and Companies responsible for the implementation.
This work has resulted in an amendment to SOLAS, chapter eleven, called the "International Ship and Port Facility Security Code". The code is commonly known as the ISPS code. The code have one Mandatory section called part A and one section with guidelines called part B.
These requirements will be mandatory in July 2004 for all ships of 500 gross tonnage and upwards engaged on international voyages, including high-speed crafts and Mobile Offshore Drilling Units.
It will require the vessels to have an approved Ship Security Plan. In the United States, parallel legislation is enacted through the US Maritime Security Bill.
Q10. Explain Automatic Identification System (AIS).
Ans:- Automatic Identification System, or AIS for short is a device that transmits information about your ship and receives the same from other ships.
An example of information transmitted would be: Call sign, ship's name, the ship's speed, its Course and destination. Coast stations can also receive this information.
The AIS is an important tool for coastal states to monitor ship traffic and to detect possible threats. The SOLAS convention already states that an AIS must be fitted on ships over a period of time, ranging from 2002 to 2008 depending on ship type and tonnage. The new International Ship and Port Facility Security Code shortens this period (and an AIS will now be required on all ships by 31st December 2004).
Q11. Explain Ship Security Alert System.
Ans:- In the event of a terrorist attack, ship's personnel must be able to alert the authorities ashore without letting the terrorists know that an alarm has been raised. This will be possible through a Ship Security Alert System.
The Ship Security Alert System must:
(i) be capable of being activated from the bridge and from one more location.
(ii) not be sent to other ships in the vicinity.
(iii) be sent to a competent authority ashore.
(iv) not give an indication onboard that the alarm has been raised.
(v) continue to transmit the ship security alert until it has been deactivated.
Additional Requirements
In addition to the aforementioned requirements, SOLAS also requires the following:
(i) Ship Identification Numbers
Regulation XI-1/3 is modified to require ships' identification numbers to be permanently marked in a visible place either on the ship's hull or superstructure. Passenger ships should carry the marking on a horizontal surface visible from the air. Ships should also be marked with their 1D numbers internally.
(ii) Continuous Synopsis Record (CSR)
Regulation XI-1/5 requires ships to be issued with a Continuous Synopsis Record, which is Intended to provide an on-board record of the history of the ship. This record is commonly known as CSR. The CSR shall be, issued by the administration and shall contain information such as:
(a) The name of the ship
(b) The state whose flag the ship is entitled to fly
(c) The date on which the ship was registered with that state
(d) The ship's identification number
(e) The port at which the ship is registered
(f) The name of the registered owner(s)
(e) The registered address of the owner(s)
Any changes shall be recorded in the CSR in order to provide updated and current information together with the history of the changes.
Q12. Explain Ship Security Assessment
Ans:- To ensure that the Ship Security Plan always is up to date and correct, a Ship Security Assessment must be carried out at regular intervals. This assessment is initiated by the Company Security Officer and must include the following items:
(i) Identify existing security measures, procedures and operations;
(ii) Identify and evaluate key shipboard operations that are important to protect;
(iii) Identify possible threats to key shipboard operations and assess the likelihood of their Occurrence;
(iv) Priorities the possible threats and establish appropriate security measures;
(v) Identify weaknesses, including human factors in the infrastructure, policies and procedures.
Q13. Explain International Ship Security Certificates.
Ans:- All Ships covered by the ISPS code must have an "International Ship Security Certificate". The Flag state authority issues this certificate after verifying compliance and approval of the Ship Security Plan. This procedure can be delegated to a "Recognised Security Organisation" such as a classification society. Recognised Security Organisation is commonly abbreviated as RSO.
This certificate will be checked during port-state controls. The Flag State authority will periodically audit the ship's security arrangements, in order to determine the vessel's continuing qualification for renewal of the "International Ship Security certificate".
Q14. What is Ship Security Plan?
Ans:- A Ship Security Plan is a document stating detailed procedures for prevention and response to security threats. It must include different procedures for different Security Levels.
According to SOLAS and the US Maritime Security Bill, a Ship Security Plan must be available on all ships 500 gross tonnage and upwards engaged on international voyages, including high-speed crafts and Mobile Offshore Drilling Units after 1st July 2004.
Q15. Explain Restricted Areas
Ans:- A restricted Area means a space that is essential to the operation, control or safety of the ship.
Typical restricted areas are:
(i) The bridge, Accommodation area.
(ii) The cargo control room, Fire control room
(iii) The engine control room, Ventilation & A.C equipment room.
(iv) Engine room, Steering room, Emergency Generator area, Bow thruster.
(v) Spaces with access to potable water tanks, pumps, or manifolds.
The number and nature of the restricted areas depends on the current Security level.
Q16. Explain Prohibited Weapons
Ans:- It is up to the management company of the ship to set the policies for what type of weapons are allowed onboard the ship. This must be clearly stated in the Ship Security Plan. Any weapon that is not listed in the Ship Security Plan is not allowed onboard at any time. You must notify the Ship Security Officer immediately if you suspect there is a prohibited weapon onboard.
Q17. Explain Procedures and response to possible threats
Ans:- The Ship Security Plan must include procedures and responses to possible threats. These procedures might include the following actions:
(i) securing all access to the ship to prevent intrusion;
(ii) performing emergency shutdown of main engines to prevent unauthorized operation;
(iii) securing non-critical operations to focus attention on response;
(iv) alerting ship and shore-side authorities of an incident;
(v) rendering assistance to a nearby ship undergoing an unlawful act that threatens its security;
(vi) responding to the detection of stowaways or intruders;
(vii) repelling boarders;
(viii) addressing a malfunction of on board security equipment;
(ix) screening the underwater hull or search the ship in response to bomb threats;
(x) specifying the kind of communications to use in the event of a breach of security, an unlawful act, or other emergency
(xi) coordinating with waterfront facility response procedures.
Q18. Explain Declaration of Security.
Ans:- The Declaration of Security is a checklist, to be checked by the Ship Security Officer in co-operation with the local Port Facility Security Officer. The Declaration of Security indicates whether a Ship and a Port Facility are operating at the same Security Level and requires procedures for dealing with any inconsistency. For ships that frequently call upon the same port, a Declaration of Security for each call is not required if the ship and port have an agreement that all security measurements are taken before arrival.
Q19. Key Shipboard Operations
Ans:- Certain operations on the ship are more vulnerable to hostile attacks than others. These operations are called Key Shipboard. Operations and include:
(i) cargo and ship stores operations;
(ii) navigation, machinery operation and steering control;
(iii) crew and passenger safety.
Q20. Explain Possible threats
There can be many different threats to the security of a ship and the Ship Security Plan must include responses for all possible threats. Some examples of possible threats are:
(i) damage to, or destruction of, the ship or of a port facility, for example by explosive devices, arson, sabotage or vandalism;
(ii) hijacking or seizure of the ship or of persons on board;
(iii) tampering with cargo, essential ship equipment or systems or ship's stores;
(iv) unauthorized access or use, including presence of stowaways;
(v) smuggling weapons or equipment, Including weapons of mass destruction;
(vi) use of the ship to carry those intending to cause a security Incident and/or their equipment;
(vii) use of the ship itself as a weapon or as a means to cause damage destruction;
(viii) attacks from seaward whilst at berth or at anchor; and
(ix) attacks whilst at sea.
Q21. Explain Company Security Officer
Ans:- A Company Security Officer is the designated person located ashore in the shipping company office, with responsibility for developing, maintaining and enforcing the security plan. He or she will also:
(i) advise on what threats may be encountered by the ship, using appropriate security assessments and other relevant information;
(ii) ensure that ship security assessments and annual reassessments are carried out;
(iii) ensure the development and maintenance of the Ship Security Plan;
(iv) modify the Ship Security Plan to correct deficiencies to satisfy the security requirements of the individual Ship;
(v) customize the Ship Security Plan to account for the security requirements of the Individual vessels;
(vi) strengthen security awareness and vigilance;
(vii) ensure adequate training for personnel responsible for the security of the ship;
(viii) coordinate implementation of the Ship security plan with the ship security officer and the relevant designated representative on behalf of the waterfront facility;
(ix) Coordinate and ensure the consistency between security requirements and safety requirements;
(x) ensure that, if sister-ship or fleet security plans are used, the plan for each ship reflects the ship-specific information accurately;
(xi) ensure that any alternative or equivalent arrangements approved for a particular ship or group of ships are Implemented and maintained.
Q22. Explain Ship Security Officer
Ans:- A Ship Security Officer is the designated officer onboard, with responsibility for the security of the ship, Including implementation and maintenance of the Ship Security Plan, His or her duties include:
(i) regular security inspections of the ship;
(ii) implementing, maintaining, and supervising the Ship Security Plan;
(iii) proposing modifications to the Ship Security Plan;
(iv) enhancing security awareness and vigilance on board;
(v) ensuring that adequate training has been provided to ship's personnel;
(vi) coordinating implementation of the Ship Security Plan with the Company Security Officer and the relevant designated representative on behalf of the waterfront facility;
(vii) ensuring that security equipment onboard the ship, or associated with the security of the ship, is properly operated, tested, calibrated and maintained;
(viii) reviewing and completing a Declaration of Security checklist.
The legislation does not actually specify which individual must be designated as Ship Security Officer. It is left to each company to establish their own policy; by which appropriately trained Officers are assigned to the position.
Q23. Explain Port Facility Security Officer
Ans;- A Port Facility Security Officer is the designated person appointed ashore as responsible for the development, implementation, revision and maintenance of the Port Facility Security Plan and for liaison with the Ship Security Officers, Company Security Officers and Local Authorities.
In other words, he or she is the facility equivalent of the Ship Security Officer.
Q24. Explain Security Duties for Shipboard Personnel
Ans:- Ship's personnel already have designated positions and duties in the event of shipboard emergencies, such as fire, abandon ship or pollution. The Ship Security Plan provides for equivalent security duties as well.
Examples of these duties are:
(i) Inspection, control and monitoring of restricted areas;
(ii) Inspection, control and monitoring of Key Shipboard Operations;
(iii) Inspection, control and monitoring of visitors onboard;
(iv) Detection and identification of weapons, and other dangerous substances and devices onboard;
(v) Operation of security equipment;
(vi) Physical search methods of persons, baggage, cargo, and ship's stores;
When signing on, you will be informed about your Security Duties.
Q25. Explain Training & Drills
Ans:- To be able to effectively perform your security duties, training and drills are essential. At least once every 3 months or where more than 25% of the ships personnel has been changed at any one time, with personnel that has not previously participated in any drill on that ship, within the last 3 months, a drill should be conducted within one week of the change.
The Ship Security Officer, in compliance with the policies set by the Company Security Officer, is responsible for implementing a training schedule onboard that will provide adequate and proper security training for shipboard personnel.
Q26. Explain Security Equipment
Ans:- Security equipment varies in design from ship to ship. It is important that you receive proper training on how to operate the specific security equipment on your ship. Such equipment might include:
(i) Padlocks for securing restricted areas
(ii) Passes for visitors onboard
(iii) Closed Circuit Television for monitoring restricted areas
(iv) X-ray machines for inspection of luggage and stores
Q27. Contingency plans
Ans:-(i) Bomb threat on ship
On receipt of a bomb threat against the vessel, the applicable procedures in the Ship Security Plan must be followed. These must include:
(a) Assigning personnel to search designated areas of the ship;
(b) Outlining what to do if a suspicious package is found.
Since terrorists can disguise a bomb in many different ways, it is almost Impossible to know what to look for. Therefore you should not be looking for a "bomb", but rather anything irregular or suspicious, anything that does not fit in. When searching for a bomb, follow the rule EYES NOT HANDS, as touching a bomb may cause it to detonate.
The response on locating a bomb, or suspicious object, will depend on the equipment on board your ship. Some vessels have the likes of blast suppression blankets, but most will have to seek specialist advice from a competent shore authority. Further details can be found in the Ship Security Plan.
(ii) Bomb threat in port
If a ship is in port and a bomb warning is received, the Master, the Ship Security Officer and the Port Security Officials will liaise, arrive at a collective decision and initiate appropriate action. Options may include evacuation of the ship or removal of the vessel to an anchorage. Each case will be evaluated on the prevailing circumstances and the nature of the threat.
Evacuation of ship
If it is required to evacuate the ship as a result of a bomb threat or similar terrorist act, this should be done in accordance with the procedure outlined in the Ship Security Plan. This includes information on where to muster after the evacuation, which way to leave the vessel and what to take with you.
Response to suspicious Activity
If your ship is approached by a small vessel which does not identify itself, it could be carrying terrorists or pirates. It is preferable to stop them getting onboard if at all possible and high pressure fire hoses directed from the deck can be an effective deterrent. A ship with a high freeboard may be able to prevent boarding simply by speed or sharp maneuver.
Action to take when entering hostile water
If your vessel is about to enter an area known for terrorist or pirate activity, there are a number of basic precautions that can be taken. These are outlined in your Ship Security Plan and may include:
(i) If possible, only transit this area during daylight;
(ii) If transiting during hours of darkness, keep all deck lights and flood lights switched on consistent with safe navigation;
(iii) Transit with maximum safe speed;
(iv) Post extra lookout on the bridge and increase radar surveillance;
(v) Post additional personnel, both as extra lookouts in other areas and to make rounds.
(vi) Have fire hoses pressurised ready around the ship's side.
Actions to take if ship is boarded by pirates
If pirates or terrorists board your ship at sea, follow the applicable procedures as outlined in the Ship Security Plan. These may include:
(i) Raise the general alarm;
(ii) Activate the Ship Security Alert System;
(iii) Do NOT confront the boarders; wait for outside help
Q27. Explain Security Measures in different situations.
Ans:- A. Controlling access to Ship
The regular gangway is not the only access to the ship. Other ways to get onboard can include ladders, side ports or climbing up the mooring ropes. To prevent unauthorised persons boarding, these access points have to be guarded. How they should be guarded depends on the different SECURITY levels. Here follows some examples of security measures to take at different security levels.
SECURITY Level 1: All access points have to be monitored continuously. Everyone seeking access to the vessel must present an ID and be logged in.
SECURITY Level 2: Limit the number of access points: Everyone seeking access to the vessel must present an ID and be logged in.
SECURITY Level 3: Limit to only one access point Everyone seeking access to the vessel must present an ID and be logged in. Coordinate with the waterfront facility to extend access control beyond the immediate area of the ship. Monitoring of deck areas and areas surrounding the Ship
B. Monitoring of deck areas and areas surrounding the ship:-
CCTV, intruder alarms and security patrols are all effective measures in monitoring areas both on board and surrounding the ship, thereby preventing security incidents. The SECURITY level in force will dictate the degree of monitoring required.
Here follows some examples of security measures to take at different security levels.
SECURITY Level 1. A security lookout and/or patrol to be posted.
SECURITY Level 2. Security lookout and/or patrols to be increased, with particular emphasis on restricted areas.
SECURITY Level 3. Perform waterside boat patrols. Use divers to inspect the underwater pier structures prior to the ship's arrival, upon the ship's arrival and in other necessary situations.
C. Monitoring of Restricted Areas
The restricted areas onboard your ship are indicated in your Ship Security Plan. These might include the Bridge, the Engine Control Room and the Cargo Control Room.
Here follows some examples of security measures to take at different security levels.
SECURITY Level 1. The Restricted Areas shall be locked or secured and personnel shall be patrolling the areas.
SECURITY Level 2. The Restricted Areas shall be locked or secured and frequency of personnel patrolling the areas to be Increased.
SECURITY Level 3. The Restricted Areas shall be locked or secured and personnel be posted at the areas continuously.
D. Monitoring of Embarkation of persons and their effects
Prohibited weapons most commonly find their way onto a ship by being carried on board by embarking personnel. Here follows some examples of security measures to take at different security levels.
SECURITY Level 1: Verify the reason for personnel seeking access to the vessel by checking tickets, boarding passes, work orders or ID cards. Positively identify crewmembers, passengers, vendors, dock-workers and authorized visitors prior to each embarkation. New crewmembers should be cross-referenced with company on-signers information. Body searches and the inspection of baggage for prohibited weapons, incendiaries and explosives should be carried out on a random basis.
SECURITY Level 2: Same as SECURITY Level 1, but with an increased inspection frequency on embarking persons.
SECURITY Level 3; Same as SECURITY Level 2, but all embarking persons must be inspected and all persons except crewmembers must be escorted when onboard.
E. Supervising the handling of cargo and stores
Here follows some examples of security measures to take at different security levels for tanker vessel.
Security Level 1: Confirm cargo surveyors, etc. have positive identification to show who they actually are.
Security Level 2: Ensure that cargo personnel are not allowed unescorted on the tank deck.
Security Level 3: Cargo personnel are only allowed on board if their presence is essential.
Ship and cargo type obviously influence these measures. Container and general cargo vessels are more at risk than tankers in this respect. All vessels should however be aware of the risk of concealment in stores.
Here follows some examples of security measures to take at different security levels for cargo vessel.
SECURITY Level 1. Verify 25-50 % of all non-containerised cargo against the cargo manifest. Verify all the container identification numbers of loaded containers against the manifest. Verify 25 - 50 % of the container identification numbers of empty containers against the manifest. Verify and inspect 25 - 50 % of ship's stores.
SECURITY Level 2. Verify all non-containerised cargo against the cargo manifest. Verify all the container identification numbers of loaded containers against the manifest. Verify all the container identification numbers of empty containers against the manifest. Verify and inspect 25 - 50 % of ship's stores.
SECURITY Level 3. Verify all non-containerised cargo against the cargo manifest. Verify all the container identification numbers of loaded containers against the manifest. Verify all of the container identification numbers of empty containers against the manifest. Verify and inspect all ship's stores.
The percentage numbers mentioned are only recommendations. Ship and cargo type obviously influence these measures. Container and general cargo vessels are more at risk than tankers in this respect. All vessels should however be aware of the risk of concealment in stores. Ensuring that port-specific security communication is available
F. Ensuring that port-specific communication is available
When completing the Declaration of Security, the Ship Security Officer and the Port Facility Security Officer agree on the means of communication in case of an emergency. The current security level determines the frequency by which this communication is checked and the backup system requirements.
Here follows some examples of security measures to take at different security levels.
SECURITY Level 1. No requirements to have the communication checked or to have backup communication.
SECURITY Level 2. Perform regular communication checks. One method of backup communication.
SECURITY Level 3. Perform regular communication checks. More than one method of backup communication.
Security Level 3: Cargo personnel are only allowed on board if their presence is essential.
Ship and cargo type obviously influence these measures. Container and general cargo vessels are more at risk than tankers in this respect. All vessels should however be aware of the risk of concealment in stores.
Here follows some examples of security measures to take at different security levels for cargo vessel.
SECURITY Level 1. Verify 25-50 % of all non-containerised cargo against the cargo manifest. Verify all the container identification numbers of loaded containers against the manifest. Verify 25 - 50 % of the container identification numbers of empty containers against the manifest. Verify and inspect 25 - 50 % of ship's stores.
SECURITY Level 2. Verify all non-containerised cargo against the cargo manifest. Verify all the container identification numbers of loaded containers against the manifest. Verify all the container identification numbers of empty containers against the manifest. Verify and inspect 25 - 50 % of ship's stores.
SECURITY Level 3. Verify all non-containerised cargo against the cargo manifest. Verify all the container identification numbers of loaded containers against the manifest. Verify all of the container identification numbers of empty containers against the manifest. Verify and inspect all ship's stores.
The percentage numbers mentioned are only recommendations. Ship and cargo type obviously influence these measures. Container and general cargo vessels are more at risk than tankers in this respect. All vessels should however be aware of the risk of concealment in stores. Ensuring that port-specific security communication is available
F. Ensuring that port-specific communication is available
When completing the Declaration of Security, the Ship Security Officer and the Port Facility Security Officer agree on the means of communication in case of an emergency. The current security level determines the frequency by which this communication is checked and the backup system requirements.
Here follows some examples of security measures to take at different security levels.
SECURITY Level 1. No requirements to have the communication checked or to have backup communication.
SECURITY Level 2. Perform regular communication checks. One method of backup communication.
SECURITY Level 3. Perform regular communication checks. More than one method of backup communication.
Comments
Post a Comment