Answer SSEP Question 17
Q17.
With reference to STCW Convention:
A. Explain the principles underlying
the STCW Convention;
B. Explain how as a senior engineer you would
implement the regulation for controlling and monitoring of minimum hours
of rest for watch keepers;
C. What type of specific shipboard
familiarization is required to be given to a seafarer new to a
particular type of vessel?
Answer:A. Principles underlying the STCW Convention:
The STCW convention was adopted by IMO on 10 July 1978, and came into force on 28 April, 1984. It has since been amended in 1991, 1994 and 1995. Prior to STCW convention, formal training and certification if any, varied with different countries. Flags of convenience were especially being noted for tax regulatory and control measures for vessels registered with them. A series of tankers and bulk carrier accidents many of which were caused by human error made the IMO sit up and take notice of this state of affairs. The STCW convention is the result of its efforts. Initially STCW only prescribed that seafarers appointed on ships must be in possession of certificate to prove their competence and ability in their required job position. The entry standards, syllabus and other criteria required to obtain a given certificate was not specified by the IMO, and varied from country to country. This was addressed in 1995 by the amendments to the convention and introduction of S.T.C.W code. Today certificates under STCW 95 will only be issued to masters, officers and ratings who satisfy age, medical fitness, training, qualification standard has been set by STCW for training, certification and watch keeping and this is applicable to all countries. This is the principle underlying the STCW convention.
Features of STCW 95:
(i) Training and assessment of seafarers to be as per structured training program.
(ii) Training to be conducted. Monitored and evaluated by trained person
(iii) Assessor to be properly qualified.
(iv) Onboard trainers are themselves trained.
(v) All trainers and assessors In shore establishment to be qualified.
Provisions for Training of Watch Keepers:
(i) Every watch keeper to follow approved on board training program.
(ii) This must include systematic practical training.
(iii) This program must be monitored by qualified officers and documented in the Training and Record (TAR) Book.
The STCW convention was adopted by IMO on 10 July 1978, and came into force on 28 April, 1984. It has since been amended in 1991, 1994 and 1995. Prior to STCW convention, formal training and certification if any, varied with different countries. Flags of convenience were especially being noted for tax regulatory and control measures for vessels registered with them. A series of tankers and bulk carrier accidents many of which were caused by human error made the IMO sit up and take notice of this state of affairs. The STCW convention is the result of its efforts. Initially STCW only prescribed that seafarers appointed on ships must be in possession of certificate to prove their competence and ability in their required job position. The entry standards, syllabus and other criteria required to obtain a given certificate was not specified by the IMO, and varied from country to country. This was addressed in 1995 by the amendments to the convention and introduction of S.T.C.W code. Today certificates under STCW 95 will only be issued to masters, officers and ratings who satisfy age, medical fitness, training, qualification standard has been set by STCW for training, certification and watch keeping and this is applicable to all countries. This is the principle underlying the STCW convention.
Features of STCW 95:
(i) Training and assessment of seafarers to be as per structured training program.
(ii) Training to be conducted. Monitored and evaluated by trained person
(iii) Assessor to be properly qualified.
(iv) Onboard trainers are themselves trained.
(v) All trainers and assessors In shore establishment to be qualified.
Provisions for Training of Watch Keepers:
(i) Every watch keeper to follow approved on board training program.
(ii) This must include systematic practical training.
(iii) This program must be monitored by qualified officers and documented in the Training and Record (TAR) Book.
B.
As a senior engineer,Implementation of the regulation for controlling
and monitoring of minimum hours of rest for watch keepers:
As per STCW reg VIII/I
Each administration shall, for the purpose of preventing fatigue, establish and enforce rest periods for watch keeping personnel; and require that watch systems are so arranged that efficiency of watch keeping personnel is not impaired by fatigue and duties are so organized that from the first watch at the commencement of a voyage to subsequent relieving watches they are sufficiently rested and otherwise fit for duty.
However as per maritime labor convention and recommendation article 5;
(1) The limit of hours of rest for a seafarer shall be as follows:
(a) Maximum hours of work shall not exceed.
(i) 14 hours on any 24-hour period; and
(ii) 72 hours in any seven-day period. (OR)
(b) Minimum hours of rest shall not be less than.
(i) 10 hours on any 24-hours period and
(ii) 77 hours in any seven day period.
(2) Hours of rest may be divided into no more than two Periods, one of which shall at least be six hours in length, and the interval between consecutive periods of rest Shall not exceed 14 hours.
(3) Muster, firefighting and life boat drills and drills prescribed by national laws and regulations and by international instruments shall be conducted in a manner that minimizes the disturbance of rest period and does not induce fatigue.
(4) In respect of situation when a seafarer is on call, such as when a machinery space is unattended, the seafarer shall have an adequate compensatory rest period if the normal period of rest is disturbed by call-outs to work.
As per STCW reg VIII/I
Each administration shall, for the purpose of preventing fatigue, establish and enforce rest periods for watch keeping personnel; and require that watch systems are so arranged that efficiency of watch keeping personnel is not impaired by fatigue and duties are so organized that from the first watch at the commencement of a voyage to subsequent relieving watches they are sufficiently rested and otherwise fit for duty.
However as per maritime labor convention and recommendation article 5;
(1) The limit of hours of rest for a seafarer shall be as follows:
(a) Maximum hours of work shall not exceed.
(i) 14 hours on any 24-hour period; and
(ii) 72 hours in any seven-day period. (OR)
(b) Minimum hours of rest shall not be less than.
(i) 10 hours on any 24-hours period and
(ii) 77 hours in any seven day period.
(2) Hours of rest may be divided into no more than two Periods, one of which shall at least be six hours in length, and the interval between consecutive periods of rest Shall not exceed 14 hours.
(3) Muster, firefighting and life boat drills and drills prescribed by national laws and regulations and by international instruments shall be conducted in a manner that minimizes the disturbance of rest period and does not induce fatigue.
(4) In respect of situation when a seafarer is on call, such as when a machinery space is unattended, the seafarer shall have an adequate compensatory rest period if the normal period of rest is disturbed by call-outs to work.
C. Type of specific shipboard familiarization required to be given to a seafarer new to a particular type of vessel:
Before being assigned to Ship board duties, all persons employed or engaged on a sea going ship other than 'Passengers, shall receive approved familiarization training in personal survival techniques or receive sufficient information and instruction, to be able to-
(1) Communicate with other 'Persons on board on elementary safety matters and understand safety information symbols, signs and alarm signals.
(2) Know what to do if:
(a) a person falls over board
(b) fire or smoke is-detected or
(c) the fire on abandon ship alarm is sounded.
(3) Identify muster and embarkation station and emergency escape routes.
(4) Locate and don life jackets.
(5) Raise the alarm and have basic knowledge of the portable lire extinguishers.
(6) Take immediate action upon encountering an accident or other medical emergency before seeking further medical assistance on board; and
(7) Close and open the fire, water tight and weather tight doors fitted in particular ship other than those from hull openings.
Before being assigned to Ship board duties, all persons employed or engaged on a sea going ship other than 'Passengers, shall receive approved familiarization training in personal survival techniques or receive sufficient information and instruction, to be able to-
(1) Communicate with other 'Persons on board on elementary safety matters and understand safety information symbols, signs and alarm signals.
(2) Know what to do if:
(a) a person falls over board
(b) fire or smoke is-detected or
(c) the fire on abandon ship alarm is sounded.
(3) Identify muster and embarkation station and emergency escape routes.
(4) Locate and don life jackets.
(5) Raise the alarm and have basic knowledge of the portable lire extinguishers.
(6) Take immediate action upon encountering an accident or other medical emergency before seeking further medical assistance on board; and
(7) Close and open the fire, water tight and weather tight doors fitted in particular ship other than those from hull openings.
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